集群企业多层网络对竞争优势的影响分析-analysis on the influence of multi-layer network of cluster enterprises on competitive advantage.docx

摘要21 世纪信息、网络等高新技术对经济的增长起着不可磨灭的推动作用，人们越来越清楚 地认识到知识技术正逐步取代传统生产要素成为企业最主要的资源。集群作为市场和企业层 级之间的组织，因其特有的地理、生产等联系形成网络，为集群中企业提供了丰富的信息和 资源，而组织学习能力在其价值提升过程中扮演着关键角色。全球化背景下，集群企业正经 历着由本地逐渐向全球迈进的过程，其所在的环境也从本地扩张到国内再到国际，为应对环 境的变化，满足企业成长的需要，所要求的组织学习能力也随之改变。以往的研究大多以分析网络结构、动态能力对企业绩效的影响为主，而本文则基于多层 网络视角，将企业网络按地域和功能划分为多层关系网络及资源网络两类，并提出集群企业 多层网络与其竞争优势的相关性研究假设。在此基础上，引入利用式学习和探索式学习作为 中介变量，详细研究了多层关系网络、资源网络、组织学习与企业竞争优势之间的关系。以 此揭开网络是如何影响企业绩效的黑箱，为集群企业如何更好更有效率地利用网络，如何发 展组织学习能力指明方向，从而提升竞争力，在激烈的商业世界中立足。通过本研究，得出的主要结论是：本地关系网络、国内关系网络、国际关系网络与企业 竞争优势均呈显著正相关关系，而利用式/探索式学习在本地关系网络、国内关系网络与企业 竞争优势的关系中起完全中介作用；同时，技术资源网络、市场资源网络与企业竞争优势也 显著正相关，利用式学习/探索式学习在技术资源网络与企业竞争优势的关系中起完全中介作 用；而人力资源网络对企业竞争优势的正相关关系不显著。关键词：多层网络；利用式学习；探索式学习；竞争优势；集群企业ABSTRACTIn the 21st century , information , internet , and other high-tech play indelible roles in promoting economic growth , it is increasingly clear that knowledge and technology are gradually replacing the traditional production factors to become the most major enterprise resources . For special geographical proximity and production linkages , cluster can provides numerous information and resources to the enterprises , and the organizational learning plays a key role in promoting at the same time. In the background of the globalization , the cluster enterprises are undergoing the process from the local to the global gradually , and the environment are also expanding from the domestic to the international accordingly, to response to the changes in the environment and the business growth , the requirements of organizational learning also changes .Most of the previous studies focus on how the network structures and the dynamic capabilities impact on the firm performance , but this article based on a perspective of multi-level network , introduce the exploitative learning and explorative learning as a mediating variable , detailed study the relation among multi-layer network of relationships , multi-layer network of resources , organizational learning and the enterprise growth performan