济南市城市热岛遥感分析及其在城市规划中的应用分析-remote sensing analysis of urban heat island in jinan and its application in urban planning.docx

4.1.4城市热岛与城市绿地量之间的相关关系分析··········································444.2济南市城市热岛效应与城市土地利用强度和结构的相关分析····················504.2.1城市热岛与建筑强度和土地利用结构的相关分析··································504.2.2城市建筑物单体对城市建设的影响··························································545济南市热岛效应的缓减对策·····················································································595.1增加城市绿化面积····························································································595.2合理增加城市水域面积和喷水、洒水设施····················································615.3采用新技术合理规划城市布局········································································615.4控制人口密度和提高能源利用率····································································626结论与展望··················································································································636.1主要结论············································································································636.2研究创新点、不足与展望················································································64参考文献····················································································································66致谢·····························································································································70攻读学位期间科研成果··································································································71济南市城市热岛遥感分析及其在城市规划中的应用研究摘要近年来，随着世界性城市化、工业化进程的加快，全球持续增温、暴雨、暴雪及飓风等异常天气的频现，人们越来越关注周围的自然环境。而城市热岛效应作为城市气候学和城市环境学研究的重要课题之一，扮演着重要的角色，被认为是主导城市热环境的重要因素。目前这一现象已引起各国家和政府的高度重视。城市热岛效应不仅改变着城市的微气候、城市公共健康、城市大气质量、城市规划结构和城市能源结构，而且对人们日常的生产、生活也产生很大的影响。本文主要采用遥感技术手段，选择济南市1997年LandsatTM、2002年LandsatETM+和2005年LandsatTM的遥感影像，并结合济南市区地形图、道路交通图和土地利用图等，详细地对济南市城市热岛遥感及其在城市规划中的应用进行了分析研究。研究的主要内容包括：第一，介绍了城市热岛效应的概念、研究方法、形成的原因及影响，阐述了本文写作的目的和意义。第二，介绍了遥感数据反演的理论基础、算法与模型的构建，通过研究许多不同的地表面温度反演算法，如单通道算法、单通道多角度法、多通道多角度法、分裂窗算法（劈窗算法）、单窗算法等，最后采用了本文的算法，可分为三大步骤：计算辐射亮温、计算地面亮度温度值和计算地表温度。第三，通过分析济南市三个年份的地表温度分布图，结果显示热核区主要集中在城市中心和东部高新