A Drink in the Passage课件.pptVIP

A Drink in the Passage Alan Paton I have a dream Cay you say something about the picture? How do you understand racial segregation? Segregation is the official practice of keeping people apart, usually people of different sexes, races, or religions. The story is set against the background of Apartheid South Africa. Apartheid is an official policy of racial segregation practiced in the Republic of South Africa, involving political, legal, and economic discrimination against nonwhites (from 1948 to 1994) . South Africa was colonized by the British and Dutch in the 17th century. British domination of the Dutch descendants (known as Boers or Afrikaners) resulted in the Dutch establishing the new colonies of Orange Free State and Transvaal. The discovery of diamonds in these lands around 1900 led to a British invasion which resulted in the Boer War(布尔战争). Following independence from British, there was a period of uneasy power-sharing between the two groups until the 1940s, when the Afrikaner National Party was able to gain a strong majority. Strategists in the National Party invented apartheid as a means to strengthen their control over the economic and social system. The aim, in reality, was to maintain white domination while extending racial separation. 《不道德法》 制定于1950年，法律禁止白人和非白人的性关系。是种族隔离的基本法律，目的是为了保持白人的纯正血统，防止科洛德人即混血人种的增加。 《通行证法》 16岁以上的黑人进入白人居住区时必须携带身份证的法律。如果没有携带身份证，擅自离开自己的居住区，会被人身拘留。 班图斯坦 “黑人家园” 从1913年原居民土地法制定以来，黑人被禁闭于被叫做保留地的居住区内。进入20世纪50年代后，政府改变了这种黑人隔离政策，认为黑人和白人应该分别发展政策，1959年制定了班图自治区促进法。根据这一法律，黑人根据文化、语言的不同分为十个地域。加以班图斯坦的名称，其实只是赋予他们名义上的一种假自治、假独立。1970年制定了班图家园市民权益法，至此班图斯坦被又称作黑人家园。1976年以后，南非政府又给予了德兰士肯等4个家园以独立。 In 1994 the countrys constitution was rewritten and free general elections were held for the first time in its history, and with Nelson Mandelas election as South Africas first black president, the last vestiges of the apartheid system were finally outlawed. The writer of the story, Alan Paton, was an important South African novelist and political activist