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Chapter 17 Social Processes, Society, and Culture Copyright ?2005 Pearson Education Group. Developed and prepared by Joseph A. Davis, Ph.D. This Allyn and Bacon multimedia product and its contents are protected under copyright law.燭he following are prohibited by law: any public performance or display, including transmission over any network; preparation of any derivative work, including the extraction, in whole or part, of any images; any rental, lease, or lending of the program. Chapter 17 Main Points Altruism and Prosocial Behavior Aggression Psychology in the 21st Century: The World Grows Smaller The Psychology of Peace and Conflict A Personal Endnote The Power of the Situation Social Role Social-defined pattern of behavior Rules Behavioral guidelines Social Norms Expectation a group has for its members Conformity Conformity Tendency for people to adopt behaviors, attitudes, and values of other members of a group Information Influence Sherif抯 autokinetic effect Norm crystallization Normative Influence Asch effect Solomon Asch抯 Experiments 1 2 3 Solomon Asch抯 Experiments Conformity Group Polarization Groupthink Groupthink Factors leading to Groupthink: High level of group cohesiveness Isolation of group from outside information or influences Dynamic, influential leader High stress from external threats Altruism and Prosocial Behavior Prosocial Behavior Carried out with the goal of helping people Altruism Prosocial behaviors without consideration for self safety or interests Reciprocal Altruism Altruism and Prosocial Behavior Motives for Prosocial Behavior Altruism Egoism Collectivism Principlism Effects of the Situation on Prosocial Behavior Bystander Intervention Willingness to assist a person in need Diffusion of Responsibility The larger the number of bystanders, the less responsibility any one bystander feels to help Effects of the Situation on Prosocial Behavior Bystander must notice the emergency Bys