第35讲概括大意和 与完成句子：Screen Test（二） 职称英语综合B精讲课件.pptVIP

Screen Test;3. Researchers at the Polytechnic University of Valencia analysed the effect of screening more than 160,000 women at 11 local clinics. After estimating the women’s cumulative dose of radiation, they used two models to calculate the number of extra cancers this would cause. 4. The mathematical model recommended by Britain’s National Radiological Protection Board (NRPB) predicted that the screening programme would cause 36 cancers per 100,000 women, 18 of them fatal. The model preferred by the UN Scientific Committee on the Effects of Atomic Radiation led to a lower figure of 20 cancers. ;5. The researchers argue that the level of radiation-induced cancers is “not very significant” compared to the far larger number of cancers that are discovered and treated. The Valencia programme, they say, detects between 300 and 450 cases of breast cancer in every 100,000 women screened. 6. But they point out that the risk of women contracting cancer from radiation could be reduced by between 40 and 80 percent if screening began at 50 instead of 45, because they would be exposed to less radiation. The results of their study, they suggest, could help “optimize the technique” for breast cancer screening. ;7. “There is a trade-off（平衡） between the diagnostic（诊断的，判断的） benefits of breast screening and its risks,” admits Michael Clark of the NRPB. But he warns that the study should be interpreted with caution. “On the basis of the current （目前的）data, for every 10 cancers successfully detected and prevented there is a risk of causing one later in life. That’s why radiation exposure should be minimized in any screening programme.” ;词汇： polytechnic adj.多工艺的 radiological adj.放射性的 optimise vt. 最大限度地完善 注释： Polytechnic University ：理工大学 cumulative adj.递增的 contract vt. trade-off n.平衡 ;1. Why are millions of womenscreened with X-rays every year ?;2. Why are the medical benefits of screening these younger women controversial ?;3. According to the passage, which of the fo