金属-陶瓷纳米粉体耐磨合金化层激光工艺参数的研究-study on laser processing parameters of wear-resistant alloying layer of metal-ceramic nanopowder.docxVIP

金属-陶瓷纳米粉体耐磨合金化层激光工艺参数的研究摘 要激光表面合金化是一种材料表面改性的新方法，具有广阔的应用前景。激光 表面合金化研究，包括激光表面合金化工艺的制定原理及方法、合金化涂层的组 织特性与性能。采用适当工艺参数和预热处理，可以得到理想的合金化涂层，其 显微组织具有典型的复合性特征；合金化涂层与基体材料呈良好的冶金结合，结 合强度高，能够显著提高廉价基体材料表面的硬度、耐磨性、耐蚀性和耐腐蚀磨 损等性能。本课题主要在激光合金化基材的选择、合金粉的配比、氪灯泵浦500W连续YAG激光器工艺参数的选择、显微组织和机械性能分析等方面进行系列研究。 激光表面合金化，既改变了材料表面的化学成分，又改变了表面的结构和物理状态。可以细化合金的表层组织，引入高硬度、高耐蚀性及高熔点的元素，形 成表面性能优异的强化层。与其他传统表面合金化的方法相比，敷层组织小、结 构致密、气孔率低。熔凝化过程极为迅速，合金元素成分选择广泛，可以获得常 规方法难以得到的、性能更为优异的表面合金。仅在熔化区和很小的影响区内发 生着成分、组织和性能的变化，对基体的热效应可减少到最低限度，引起的变形 也极小。满足表面的使用需要，且保持结构的整体特性。关键词: 激光表面合金化，金属-陶瓷纳米粉体，合金化涂层，微观组织和性能，连续YAG 激光器，激光合金化工艺参数iiiSTUDIES BASED ON LASER-ALLOYING PARAMETERS OF WEAR-RESISTANCE COATING ALLOYED WITH METAL-CERAMIC NANOMETER-POWDERABSTRACTThere are many ways of material surface treatment. Recent development and application of laser alloying are reviewed in detail, including technical principle and preparation methods, micro-structural characteristic and property. The experiments indicate that laser alloying coating can be achieved with optimized technical parameters perfectly. The microstructure of alloying coating is complex. The coating has a strong metallurgical boning with the substrate, and has high hardness, excellent wear resistance, corrosion resistance as well.Nd: YAG laser alloying nanometer Ni-SiC powder with preplaced coating on 45#steel was investigated and smooth surface alloyed layers were available. This kind of laser alloying was quite sensitive to cracking. Crack free alloyed layers were possible with appropriate coating thickness, alloying parameters and preheating. The alloyed layer consists of alloyed zone, re-melting zone and quenching zone, whose micro hardness is increased dramatically. The main microstructure of the alloyed layer is the hypoeutectic sub-stable structure.The microstructure and characteristics of the strengthened layers have been analyzed and the wear resistance experiments on the laser alloying treated samples have been done. The results demonstrate that laser eutectic alloyi