康雍乾时期江南布政使分析-an analysis of the political envoys in south china during kang yongs dry period.docxVIP

摘要顺治二年（1645），清军攻占南京，随即在此置江南布政使司，设左、右布 政使，共同管理江南政务。由于江南特殊的地理位置和经济地位，顺治十八年（1661），实行左、右布政使分区理事的体制。但随着江南督抚由临时差遣逐渐 转为常设，并成为地方法定的最高长官，布政使的地位也发生大的变化，遂成为 督抚的属官，主要掌管江南财赋兼摄民事事务。另外，清王朝为了加强对江南财 政的控制，不断对江南布政使进行变革和调整，其由最初左、右分设，最终演变 为三个相对独立、互不统属的地方官员，即安徽布政使、江苏布政使、江宁布政 使。由于江南布政使在地方职官体系中地位的变化，其仕宦特点也随之改变。突 出表现在：清廷对江南布政使的选用和其入职来源、江南布政使的出身、江南布 政使的旗汉结构，以及江南布政使的离职形式等方面。通过对江南布政使任职特 点的变化加以分析，揭示康雍乾三帝对江南布政使选任的指导思想，以及随着政 治环境的变更，进而窥见江南布政使仕宦特征演变的轨迹。江南布政使是清代江南督抚体制下的仅次于督抚的地方长官，与江南地方的 吏治民生休戚相关。盛清时期的江南布政使对地方弊政的治理；对江南积欠钱粮 的清理；对江南灾害作地方社会秩序的造建以及灾民的救治，都作了十分有益的 工作。正是这些措施的有效实施，稳定了民心，巩固了统治基础。关键词：康雍乾时期；江南；江南布政使AbstractThe armise of the Qing dynasty captured Nanjing in the second year of Shun Zhi .The governer install the section of commissioner of Jiangnan,composed of left commissioner,right commissioner,to manage affairs of Jiangnan .Because of unusual graphic location and economic status of Jiangnan , in the eighteenth year of Shun Zhi period,the Qing dynasty carry out the management system,distributlyruled by left commissoner,right commissoner.But going with the imperial inspector, initially as for temporary officials，gradually transforming to standing local officials, and finally became the legal highest senior official in the border provinces, the commissioner became subordinate of the imperial inspector,they manage finance,tax and control themasses businesses of Jiangnan .Besides to control the finance of Jiangnan firmly ,the Qing dyansty changes installment of the commissoner of Jiangnan from installing left ,ringt respectively to ecolving into three independent ,irrelated propraetors, namely, the commissioner of Anhui, the commissioner of Jiangsu, the commissioner of Jiangning.Due to changing of the commissioner of Jiangnan status in local officials grades, its characteristics of officer also have been changed. It’s obvious that the principles which appoint to the commissioner of Jiangnan and its sources,origin of the commissioner, the structure of qi-han, as well as the reasons for leaving and so