印度的国内经济分析.ppt

基于印度的国内经济分析 【汇报时间】2011-11-8 * 东亚经济研究 * 目 录 1 产业结构 2 国内经济数据 3 分析比较 * 产业结构 1.1 农业 outside a rice field in Andhra（安德拉邦） Pradesh. India is the second largest producer of rice in the world after China and Andhra Pradesh is the second largest rice producing state in India with Uttar Pradesh being the largest. Agriculture and allied sectors like forestry（林业）, logging（伐木业） and fishing（渔业） accounted for18.5% of the GDP in 2010–11, employed 52.1% of the total workforce, and despite a steady decline of its share in the GDP, is still the largest economic sector and a significant piece of the overall socio-economic development of India.However, international comparisons reveal the average yield in India is generally 30% to 50% of the highest average yield in the world. India is the largest producer in the world of milk(牛奶), jute（黄麻） and pulses（豆子）, and also has the worlds second largest cattle （牛）population with 175 million animals in 2008. It is the second largest producer of rice（水稻）, wheat（小麦）, sugarcane（甘蔗）, cotton（棉花） and groundnuts（花生）, as well as the second largest fruit（水果） and vegetable（蔬菜） producer, accounting for 10.9% and 8.6% of the world fruit and vegetable production respectively. * 产业结构 1.1 农业 Low agricultural productivity is the one of the greatest challenges facing Indian agriculture. If India is to evolve into a middle income country with a broad-based middle class, then rural reform, greater agricultural productivity, and sufficient employment growth in the manufacturing and services sectors are all necessary conditions. 1、农村改革 2、劳动力向工业和服务业转移 3、提高农业的劳动生产率 2010-11 18.5 * 产业结构 1.1 工业 India has one of the worlds fastest growing automobile industries. Shown here is the Tata Nano, the worlds cheapest car. 100,000 (≈ US$ 2100）约合人民币1.3万 The Indian manufacturing base is highly diversified encompassing mining（采矿）, power generation（能源）, chemicals（化工）, petrochemicals（石化）, metals（金属）, transportation equipment（运输设备）, machinery equipment（机械）, paper（造纸