考虑流通损耗和期权合同生鲜农产品供应链管理策略研究.docVIP

考虑流通损耗和期权合同生鲜农产品供应链管理策略研究 　　摘 要：本文针对生鲜农产品流通中的双重损耗，引入期权合同研究单周期两阶段供应链订货策略模型。首先假设市场需求受产品新鲜度影响，然后通过建模得到无期权、有期权时的零售商最优订货策略和供应商最优运送策略。通过比较，得到无期权时零售商最优产品订货量大于有期权时的最优产品订货量，小于有期权时的最优总订货量；有期权时零售商最大期望利润大于无期权时的最大期望利润；供应商成本控制下的最大期望利润大于无期权时的最大期望利润。最后由数值实验得到：供应商的最大期望利润与产品损耗率成反比、与产品批发价成正比。 　　关键词：供应链管理策略；产品新鲜度；期权合同 　　中图分类号：F274 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1003-5192(2011)05-0042-06 　　Fresh Produce Supplier’s Pricing Decisions Research with 　　Circulation Wastage and Options Contracts 　　WANG Jing, CHEN Xu 　　(School of Management and Economics, University of Electronic Science Technology of China, Chengdu610054, China) 　　Abstract:The Options Contracts were introduced into the fresh produce supply chain ordering decision models, and the huge circulation wastages both from quantity and quality were taken into account the two stage models in one period. Firstly, it is supposed that the demand would be affected by the produce’s fresh degree. Secondly, the retailer’s optimal procurement decision and the supplier’s optimal carrying decision both without options case and with options case are gotten by building models. Thirdly, the conclusions are gotten after analyzed and compared with the models, the retailer’s optimal produce ordering quantity without options is more than the optimal produce ordering quantity with options, but less than the optimal total ordering quantity. The retailer’s maximum profit with options is more than the without options one, and the supplier’s maximum profit with options is more than the without options one under some conditions. Finally, the conclusion after numerical study is gained that the supplier’s maximum profit is negative correlative to the circulation wastage rate and positive correlative to the produce wholesale price. 　　Key words:supply chain management decisions; fresh degree; options contracts 　　 　　1 引言 　　??鲜农产品，作为人们日常生活必需品，从整个国家到每一个人，它都占据着极其重要的地位。众所周知，一方面从农田到餐桌，生鲜农产品必须经过长时间的流通运输；但是，另一方面生鲜农产品极易腐烂、极易变质、生命周期短、产品鲜活程度要求高的独有特性，导致其长时间流通的高风险性；我国每年在运送路上腐烂的果蔬