论我国网络诽谤刑法规制缺陷及完善-on the defects and perfection of criminal law regulation of online defamation in china.docxVIP
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论我国网络诽谤刑法规制缺陷及完善-on the defects and perfection of criminal law regulation of online defamation in china
摘要网络这一新型的公共空间加快了信息的高速传播,促进了信息的公 开和社会监督,并有效地扩大了公众的言论自由。但随之而来的是各种 网络违法犯罪行为日益突显。尤其是网络诽谤,其在严重侵害公民个人 名誉的同时也妨碍了网络环境的健康发展,甚至对社会秩序和国家稳定 造成一定程度的冲击和破坏。为适应时代发展的要求,最高人民法院、最高人民检察院出台了《关 于办理利用信息网络实施诽谤等刑事案件适用法律若干问题的解释》,引 起了学术界和实务界高度的关注。针对网络诽谤入罪标准、公权力何时 主动介入等问题更是引起广泛的讨论。本文通过一则典型的网络诽谤案例引出争议焦点,并以提出问题、 分析问题、解决问题的思路,从刑法规制的视角对网络诽谤犯罪进行了 系统探讨。全文主体分为四个部分: 第一部分:对案情进行简单的介绍,并提出了案件的争议焦点:利用网络表达对政府行为或者政府官员的不满,此种行为能否构成诽谤罪, 即罪与非罪之争;如何合理界定“严重危害社会秩序和国家利益”,以此 来判断诽谤案件的性质,即自诉与公诉之争。第二部分:对我国有关诽谤罪与网络诽谤犯罪的具体法律规定进行 了系统的归纳,并阐述法条间的运用关系。第三部分:指出了目前我国网络诽谤刑法规制存在的现实困境:第 一,罪与非罪的界定困境:网络诽谤与舆论监督界限模糊;网络诽谤入 罪标准不明确;网络诽谤对象存在争议。第二,自诉与公诉的选择困境: 自诉和公诉难以界定;公权力滥用。第四部分:在借鉴境外立法规定和他人研究成果的基础上,探讨我 国网络诽谤刑法规制的对策。首先,从立法内容着手,要完善诽谤罪的 法律规定:扩大诽谤罪的对象范围;进一步明确“但书”规定的适用; 单独设置网络诽谤犯罪的法定刑;增加诽谤罪的违法阻却事由。其次, 在司法制度方面,不仅要建立诽谤案件自诉转公诉的衔接机制,还要限制强制措施的适用并改革批捕权的审批制度。关键词:网络诽谤;言论自由;现实困境;刑法规制ABSTRACTAlthough the Network which is a new type of public social space accelerated the speed of information dissemination, promoted the information disclosure and social supervision, and effectively expanded the publicsfreedom of speech,but also brought various network illegal and criminalbehaviors. Especially for the Internet defamation, in a serious violation of personal reputation also hinders the healthy development of the network environment at the same time, even for the social order and stability caused a certain degree of impact and damage.In order to keep up with the development of The Times , The supreme peoples court and The supreme peoples procuratorate issued a On the use of information networks handling criminal cases of slander and other laws applicable to the interpretation of a number of issues, which is attracted high attention of the academics and practitioners. Which is the standard of the Internet defamation conviction, when the public authority should actively intervene in such issues is widely discussed.This article is through a typical network defamation case, to ask questions, analyze problems, problem-solving ideas, from the perspective of
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