论英国民事诉前议定书程序运行必要条件-on the necessary conditions for the operation of british civil pre-litigation protocol procedures.docxVIP
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论英国民事诉前议定书程序运行必要条件-on the necessary conditions for the operation of british civil pre-litigation protocol procedures
摘要20世纪末的英国民事司法改革设立了多项新的制度,这些创新体现出了本次改革的方向和重点,如尽可能避免诉讼、鼓励当事人和解、减少对抗并增加合作、精简程序、缩短诉讼周期等。民事诉前议定书程序是这些创新中的一项,这项程序自开始实行即取得了非常好的效果,诉前议定书为双方当事人搭建了一个理性沟通、促成和解的非常好的平台,强制双方当事人在诉讼开始之前的进行沟通。即便最终协议未成功、双方启动了诉讼程序,在诉前议定书阶段也通过文书交流程序和证据交换程序等使得系争点突出、事实清晰、双方诉求明确、底线互相了解。同时,当事人因为知道在诉前议定书阶段进行的沟通即使进入到诉讼阶段后仍然适用,而且违反诉前议定书会导致法院制裁,故作为理性人双方都会尽可能在诉前进行真诚、充分的沟通,而往往这样高质量的沟通之后,双方有很大可能性达成和解。由此可见,诉前议定书程序能得以顺利运行,必要条件就包括完善的配套制度支持和法院被授予适当介入与调控的职权。本文的第二章介绍了诉前议定书制度的基本内容。第三章分析了《1999民事诉讼规则》中相关程序对诉前议定书运行的作用。第四章对法院职权的扩张与诉前议定书程序成功运行之间的关系进行阐述。在第五章中,本文总结了对照英国诉前议定书程序运行的必要条件,我国若要想引入此制度,必须要在哪些民事司法制度方面进行创新和变革才能塑造适合诉前议定书运行的环境。最后得出第六章结论,民事诉前议定书程序若想成功运行,究竟需要哪些必要条件的,而我国的民事司法制度应如何改革才会具备此条件。关键词:诉前议定书,和解制度,案件管理AbstractThereweremanynewprocedurescreatedintheBritishciviljudicialreformbytheendofthe20thcentury.Thenewproceduresshowthepriorityofthereform,suchasavoidinglitigations,encouragingtheclientstocommunicatewitheachother,spreadthesettlementofaction,adjustingtheadversarysystem,decreasingthelitigationperiod.Thepre-actionprotocolisoneofthenewprocedureswhichrunwell.Thepre-actionprotocolisaplatformfortheclientstonegotiatefullyinthepretrialstage.Eventheclientscan’tclosethebargainsandstartlitigation,thepre-actionprotocolhelpstomakesuretheissuesandexchangetheevidences.Meanwhile,theinformationthattheclientsgetinthepretrialstagecanbeusedinthetrialandthejudgesareauthorizedtopunishthosewhobreakthepre-actionprotocol,sotheclientswilloffersufficientevidencesandinformationtotheotherpartyaswellastakinganactivepartinthenegotiation.Sotherelationshipbetweenthepre-actionprotocolandtheotherrelevantproceduresintheciviljudicialsystemisnecessaryandsufficient.Thesecondchapterofthisarticleintroducesthebackgroundandcontentofthepre-actionprotocol.Inchapter3,therelevantprocedureswhichhelpthepre-actionprotocoloperatingwellinthe“1999civilprocedurerules”areanalyzed.Chapter4’ssubjectisthattheexpansionofthejudges’authoritythatguaranteestheoperationeffectofthepre-actionprotocol.Inchapter5,thecivilprocedureruleandtheauthorityofthejudgesbetweenBritainandChinaarec
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