微生物信号.doc

微生物群体感应调节信号分子N-酰化高丝氨酸内酯研究进展 杨广超 020110027 生物化学与分子生物学 摘要：近10年来，小分子介导的微生物群体感应调节受到广泛关注。介导微生物群体感应调节的信号分子包括AIP、AI-2、DKPs、DPD、N-乙酰化高丝氨酸内酯(AHL)等，其中AHL成为研究热点，研究表明其具有潜在的抗菌、抗肿瘤、免疫抑制和诱导细胞凋亡等作用。目前对AHL介导微生物群体感应调节机制研究较多．而对于此类化合物的合成及其构效关系研究还处于初步阶段。下边就AHL类似物的群体感应调节机制、构效关系、生物合成和化学合成方法加以介绍。 关键字：体感应调节；N-酰化高丝氨酸内酯；作用机理；构效关系：化学与生物合成 N-Acylhomoserine lactones as microorganism quorum sensing modulators research advances Abstract：BacteriaI quorum sensing demonstrates the ability of bacteria to control gene expression through the minimal threshold stimulatory concentration of certain chemical called auto inducers, which are secreted by self and/or other bacterial Quorum sensing has been implicated in the control of bacterial behaviors such as the secretion of virulence factors, bilfilm formation, bioluminescence production, conjugation, sporulation and swarming motility. Micorganism quorum sensing mediated by small molecules, including AIP ,AI-2,DKPs,DPD and N-acyl honoserine lactones(AHL), has drawn wide attention in the last ten years. Especially the research on AHL has become a hot topic, alarge number of inducer and so on. Much work has been done to explore the action mechanism of AHL to quorum sensing modulation, but it is remaining unclear. What’s more, researches on the synthesis and structure-activity relationship(SAR) of AHL are still on the preliminary stage. Therefore, this content summarizes the action mechanism SAR synthesis of AHL and the analogues, aiming to provide information helpful for new drug discovery and development. Key words: quorum sensing modulations; N-acylhomoserine lactones; action mechanism; structure activity relationship; chemical and biological synthesis 微生物群体感应(quorum sensing, QS)是细菌根据群体中细胞密度变化来调控自身基因表达的一种群体行为。微生物通过合成和分泌信号分子监控着周围环境中自身或其他细菌的数量变化。当细菌生物膜中细菌的数量积聚增加到一定程度(域浓度)。信号分??便与细胞膜或细胞质中的受体结合，激活靶基因表达与基因编码酶。进而发出信号。改变和协调受体间行为．表现出诸如质粒的接合转移、生物膜与孢子形成、诱发生物荧光、产生毒力因子、胞外多糖形成等群体行为。从而实现单个微生物无法进行的某些生理功能和调节机。此外．微生物还可通过信号分子进行相互间的信息“交流”形成生物膜．进而提高微生物对过高或过低的pH、温度、压力以及抗生素