高校师范生就业难与西部农村教师短缺问题研究——基于甘肃省的调查-research on the employment difficulties of normal college students and the shortage of rural teachers in western china - based on the investigation in gansu province.docxVIP
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高校师范生就业难与西部农村教师短缺问题研究——基于甘肃省的调查-research on the employment difficulties of normal college students and the shortage of rural teachers in western china - based on the investigation in gansu province
摘要伴随着高等教育规模的扩大,大学生就业难成为了学校、家庭和社会关注的热点问题,由于受到自身专业的影响,高校师范生就业受到局限,就业形势不容乐观。然而,在高校师范生就业难这样一个背景下,我国西部农村基础教育仍然面临着教师短缺的现状。与全国的水平相比,西部农村教师除了数量上的缺乏,还存在年龄、学历、专业等结构性短缺。这种现象说明,目前我国的教育与劳动力市场脱节,供给与需求存在结构性不匹配。本研究通过对甘肃省的调查,结合调查数据,分别从供给和需求的角度分析了西部地区农村教师短缺与高校师范生就业难的现状,针对其形成的原因进行了探讨,并提出了相关建议。本研究由五部分组成:第一部分,绪论。主要包括研究的背景及问题的提出、研究的目的、研究的意义、思路和研究的数据及方法等。第二部分,理论基础与文献综述。在查阅相关文献资料的基础上,了解国内外学者的相关研究,为本研究能有所创新奠定理论基础。第三部分,主要对样本地区的高校师范生就业难与西部农村教师短缺的现状作了描述与分析。第四部分,对高校师范生就业难与西部农村教师短缺这一结构性失衡的原因进行了阐释。从需求方的角度,一方面,西部农村中小学需要教师,但要不到所需要的大学生。另一方面,要来了的大学生不是实际所需要的。从供给方的角度,一方面毕业生不愿下农村就业,另一方面,毕业生想下农村就业,但下不去,或者,下去,又走了。第五部分,对策建议。从需求方的角度,政府应该增加教育经费的投入,明确政府职责,扩大农村中小学校用人自主权,深化人事制度改革,调整城乡倒挂中小学教师编制标准,鼓励大学生下农村就业并建立大学生农村就业保障机制。从供给方的角度,高校应积极宣传西部就业优惠政策,针对农村中小学培养“一专多能”的优秀教师,重视师范生在农村的教育实习,提高他们在农村中小学的适应能力,尽早帮助毕业生做好农村中小学教师的职业规划。同时,高校师范毕业生应增强责任意识,转变观念,抓住机遇,提高素质,准确定位,加强自身的竞争力。关键词:高校师范生就业农村教师短缺供给需求AbstractAlongwiththeexpansionofthesizeofhighereducation,difficultemploymentofgraduateshasbecamethehotissuesconcernedbyschools,families,andsociety.Becauseoftheirprofessionallimitation,thesituationfornormalcollegegraduates’employmentisnotoptimistic.However,undersuchabackground,ourcountryisstillconfrontingwiththestatusinquoofteacher’sshortageforbasiceducationinwestruralareas.Comparedwiththenationallevel,besidesthelackofteachersinwestruralareas,therealsohavebeenthestructuralshortagesuchasage,educationallevel,specialtyandsoon.ThisphenomenonshowsthateducationdoesnotmatchwiththelabormarketinChina,thesupplydoesnotmatchthedemandinstructureatpresent.Thestudyanalysesthestatusquoofthedifficultyofnormalcollegegraduates’employmentandtheshortageofteachersinwestruralareafromtwoperspectivesofthesupplyandthedemandbyusingdatacollectedfromGansusurvey,andexploresthereasons,thenputforwardsomerelevantadvice.Thispaperconsistsoffiveparts.PartⅠ,Introduction.Includingthebackgroundoftheresearchandputforwardtheproblems,illustratingtheintentionandmeaningoftheresearchaswellasthedataandmethodsofthestudy.PartⅡ,Theoreticsandliteraturereview.Thewriterunderstandstherel
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