基于GPS定位智能公交系统服务设计.doc

摘要 公共车辆作为广大市民出行的主要工具，是城市肌体的动脉，交通系统虽然日益发展，但目前的智能交通系统大都用于商业运营车，尚未成功地应用于公交车辆，传统的公交系统依然占主要市场。本论文研究并设计一种基于GPS(Global Positioning System)定位的智能公交服务系统，它包括车载终端与电子站牌两大部份。车辆利用GPS技术得到自身的定位信息来触发车载终端进行自动报站等服务，它取代了传统的人工按键报站的方式，并将这些定位信息通过GPRS传与调度中心并保持实时的联系，完成向调度中心汇报位置和车辆状况信息，接收和响应中心下发的命令。调度中心再将定位信息分发给相应的电子站牌，电子站牌接到信息及时更新其显示信息，从而实现完整的自动化服务，它与广大驾驶员及乘客的生活息息相关。 首先智能公交服务系统是以GPS定位技术作基础来实现自动定位，从而实现智能自动化服务，本文详细介绍GPS的定位原理等基础知识，但由于GPS定位受到一些地理环境等因素的影响，GPS有时会发生丢失，研究了一些补偿的方法。 然后对车载终端的硬件与软件进行研究与设计。它以C51微处理器为核心进行设计。介绍了重要模块的硬件功能，阐述了选用器件的原则及本系统选用的重要器件，对单片机控制系统作了详细的电路设计。软件设计采用C语言编程，根据实际的需要分析了系统的功能，介绍了主程序、重要模块及中断程序的设计，考虑了当自动报站失效时的传统按键报站方式，而且系统实现了机器自我学习的功能。 最终完成了系统的调试及安装，实现了软件平台，其操作方便。 关键词 ：GPS定位，单片机，报站，按键，触发  ABSTRACT The transportation system in china is experiencing rapid development .Even the intelligent automatic transportation System has been applied in commercial transportation . But the public transportation system, which plays a major part in the transportation service, is still running in the traditional way. In the thesis, an Intelligent Transportation Service System based on GPS(Global Positioning System)technology is studied and designed, including the in-bus terminal and electronic stop board .In the system, a bus locates its position through GPS technology and triggers the in-bus terminal to work automatically, for instance, reporting the bus stop without pressing the keys. The bus keeps synchronous communication with the Control Center by GPRS, reporting its position and conditions to the Control Center and receiving commands from the Control Center and responding electronic stop board, which then updates its information on screen. In this way, the system completes its work automatically. It close relates with the life most of drivers and passengers. The thesis discusses the Intelligent Public Transportation Service System (IPTSS) in three parts. Firstly, GPS technology as the basis of IPTSS to implement automatic positioning and other intelligent automatic services. This p