rs与gis在区域地质灾害风险评价中的应用——以青川 平武县为例-application of rs and gis in risk assessment of regional geological disasters a case study of pingwu county, qingchuan.docx
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rs与gis在区域地质灾害风险评价中的应用——以青川 平武县为例-application of rs and gis in risk assessment of regional geological disasters a case study of pingwu county, qingchuan
(4)通过比较灾害前多光谱影像河道范围与灾害发生后X波段机载雷达图像河道提取结果,可以快速检测出河道的变化,这对于导致河道堵塞的大型滑坡提取效果较好;利用0.5米X波段机载雷达图像可以比较清楚的识别滑坡,相对于地面调查不但速度快,而且不受天气的影响,对地质灾害的监测与调查更为可靠和适用。(5)利用多时相SPOT、TM、航拍光学、雷达图像对滑坡等典型地质灾害进行了对比分析研究,实践证明,高分辨率多极化SAR图像对滑坡、堰塞湖、桥梁、房屋等的判读非常有效,特别是在云、雨、夜等气候恶劣条件下,无法获得高分辨率光学图像时,SAR作为光学遥感的补充,能够为应急指挥辅助决策提供及时准确的信息。(6)结合野外调查,利用多源遥感数据,进行了地质灾害孕灾背景、发育状况、承灾体的提取。在对青川、平武县研究区地质背景、灾害分布规律研究的基础上,确定了地质灾害评价的指标体系,利用不同的数学模型进行了地质灾害危险性评价,经对比分析,选取精度较高的模型对研究区进行了危险性评价及风险评价,分析结果与地质灾害发育现状非常吻合,对减灾救灾等有一定的参考价值。关键词:地质灾害遥感技术风险评价微波遥感ApplicationofRSandGISinGeologicalDisasterRiskAssessment-CaseStudyinQingChuanandPingWuCountyIntroductionoftheauthor:DongjianXue,male,wasborninOctober,1977whosetutorwasProfessorZhengweiHE.HegraduatedfromChengduUniversityofTechnologyinEarthExplorationInformationTechniquesmajorandwasgrantedtheDoctorDegreeinJune,2010.AbstractCrustalfractureactivitiesisdistributeduniversallybecauseofchinascomplexgeologicalandgeographicalenvironmentandquitedifferentspace-timeofclimaticconditions,thuschinaisacountrywherecollapse,landslide,debrisflowandothergeologicaldisastersoccurfrequently.MeanwhileintensityandfrequencyofChina’sactivityishigherthanothercountries.Theworld’smajorearthquakeinthemainland,aboutaquartertoonethird,occurredinChina.Asundulatingterrainintheareasaffectedbyearthquake,complexgeologicalstructure,coupledwithfrequentaftershocks,thelocalgeologicalenvironmentisinfluencedandalargenumberofsecondarygeologicaldisastersareinduced.Especiallytheearthquakeoccurredinthemountainousareasoftencausesseveredeformationofthesurfaceandalotoflandslidesandresultsintransportationandcommunicationinterrupted.Groundsurveycannotmeetrequirementofthetimeliness,savingitisdifficulttoquicklyreachtheaffectedarea.Coupledwithfrequentclimateabnormalintheearthquakeareasandrainfallfrequency,soopticalimagingaloneisdifficulttomeettherequirements,andapplicationofthemulti-sourceremotesensingtechnologyandGIStechnologytocarryoutinvestigationandassessmentofgeologicalhazardsistheinevitabletrendofmodernhigh-techdevelopment.Althoughremote
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