预制混凝土楼梯应用于框架楼梯间的抗震性能研究-research on seismic performance of prefabricated concrete stairs applied to frame stairwells.docxVIP

摘要当前广泛采用的现浇楼梯存在模板支设复杂、施工费时费力、质量不易保证 和外观成型差等缺点。预制混凝土楼梯以其生产效率高、质量好等优势正逐渐被 推广应用，而抗震性能的理论薄弱和试验数据少等问题却制约其发展。根据这一 现状，通过设计有限元模型进行分析，为预制混凝土楼梯的进一步研究和应用提 供参考数据。本文选取普通框架结构的现浇楼梯的楼梯间单元和采用预制楼梯的楼梯间单 元作为研究对象，应用 ABAQUS 软件对现浇和预制模型进行反应谱分析和 6 度罕 遇地震下的弹塑性时程分析。其中现浇楼梯的连接采用刚性连接的方式，预制楼 梯的连接采用上端铰接、下端设置滑动支座的方式。具体内容如下：首先对两模 型进行模态分析，观察采用预制楼梯后楼梯间振动特性的变化；其次，对比分析 两模型在弹性状态下的位移反应；再次，对比现浇和预制模型的层间剪力，讨论 两种楼梯对层间剪力的影响；最后，对两模型进行弹塑性动力时程研究，分析两 模型在三条地震波作用下的动力响应规律。分析结果表明，采用预制楼梯后能明显减弱楼梯间的侧向刚度，而且在平行 梯板方向的减弱幅度远大于垂直梯板方向。相比现浇楼梯，预制楼梯所受的层间 剪力大幅减少，避免在地震作用下楼梯首先剪切破坏。对两模型进行罕遇地震的 时程分析显示，模型的顶点位移时程曲线表现出在初始平衡位置左右对称振动的 特征，表明两模型在罕遇地震下处于整体稳定状态。 关键词：预制混凝土楼梯，框架结构，抗震，ABAQUSABSTRACTAt present, cast-in-situ concrete stairs，which are current widely used, have thedisadvantages of complex formwork, time consuming, instability quality, poor appearance, and so on. At the same time, precast concrete stairs are being applied gradually because it’s efficient, good quality, and so on, but the issue which lacks the theory of seismic performance and the experimental data restricts the development of precast concrete stairs. Depend on the reality, the purpose of this paper is to offer much more reference data about application of precast concrete stairs, by the way of analyzing the finite element model.This paper takes the common framework structure with cast-in-situ stairwells unit and precast stairwells unit as the research object, and then analyses two models by ABAQUS software to carry out the response spectrum analysis and elastic-plastic time history analysis under the condition of rare case earthquake of six degrees. The cast-in-situ stairs use the method of rigid connection, while the precast stairs use hinged connection on the upper stairs and set sliding support on the lower. The specific operation is as follows, firstly, modal analyses were carried out on the two models, and observe the changes of the stair vibration characteristics when using precast stairs; Secondly, compare the two models in the condition of elastic displacement