呼吸系统放射影像学PPT.ppt

Heart failure Pneumothorax Emphysema Cavitating lesion Thin-walled Cavitating lesion Thick-walled Cavitating lesion 3mm Bronchiectasis Miliary shadowing Calcification Benign Patterns of Calcification Within a Solitary Pulmonary Nodule Chest Tube, NG Tube, Pulm. artery cath CT Indications Key Clinical Factors Growth Pattern Size Margin (Border) Characteristics Density Contrast-Enhanced CT Other findings Pulmonary Infection airspace opacification air bronchograms dense multifocal segmental pneumonia lung abscess cavitation Lobar/segmental consolidation Pneumonia finding Tuberculosis infiltrates Miliary shadowing Tuberculoma Chronic fibro-cavitary TB Anatomy Bronchopulmonary Anatomy Cross-sectional Anatomy of Lung Segments （CT） Lobes Right upper lobe: Lobes (continued) Right middle lobe: Lobes (continued) Right lower lobe: Lobes (continued) Left lower lobe: Lobes (continued) Left upper lobe with Lingula: Lobes (continued) Lingula: Lobes (continued) Left upper lobe - upper division: Heart Right border: Edge of (r) Atrium 3. Left border: (l) Ventricle + Atrium 4. Posterior border: Reft Ventricle 5. Anterior border: Right Ventricle Heart (continued 。。。。) Heart IT’S NOT MINE…. Hilum Made of: 1. Pulmonary Art.+Veins 2. The Bronchi Left Hilum higher (max 1-2,5 cm) Identical: size, shape, density Hilum Ribs Review areas: Apices Behind the heart Costophrenic angle (CPA) Below the diaphragm Soft tissues ( breast, surgical emphysema) Ribs clavicle Vertebrae Abnormals Lung findings Darker areas radiolucent Pneumothorax Cysts/bulla Air bronchograms Lighter areas Opacities Atelectasis “infiltrates” Blood Pus Water Nodules or mass Opacities Lobar or not…. Pneumonia Pulmonary Edema “fluffy,” diffuse, “bat wing” distribution Hemorrhage Can’t tell by x-ray, need bronch RML pneumonia Opacities RLL pneumonia Opacities RUL pneumonia LLL pneumonia Consolidation on CT The Enlarged Hila Causes:1. Adenopathies (neoplasia,