抗生素知识大全（英文）.pptVIP

ANTIBIOTICS http://www.tcd.ie/Clinical_Microbiology Local Home Page A-Z Pick C Go to Clinical Microbiology ANTIBIOTICS Agents (may be given iv/po/im) used to treat or occasionally prevent infection ( known as Prophylaxis), also known as antimicrobials (includes antibacterial agents, antifungal agents, anti-parasitic agents) NB: Samples from site of infection to be sent to laboratory for identification and antibiotic susceptibility profile- means appropriate antibiotic may be selected CONTENTS OF LECTURE Basis of Antimicrobial Action Site of Action Examples of Antibiotic Class, Site of Activity, Spectrum of Activity, Toxicity, Resistance to Antibiotic Antibiotic Policy, Audit, Surveillance Brief Outline of Antifungal/Antiviral Therapy ANTIBIOTICS Biologically produced by filamentous fungi and bacteria of the actinomycete family. The key to their mode of Action is Selective Toxicity: the ability to inhibit bacteria or other microorganisms, without affecting the host adversely- balance of toxicities Action: may be narrow spectrum or broad spectrum CHOICE OF ANTIBIOTIC Antibiotics should only be used if indicated Inappropriate use may be detrimental to the patient e.g.non-treatment of infection, change of normal flora, development of pseudomembranous colitis And detrimental to the wider community encouraging the development of Resistance The House of Lords select committee( Path to Least Resistance) and SARI Report ( A Strategy for the Control of Antimicrobial Resistance in Ireland ) Get Smart campaign in the U.S CHOICE OF ANTIBIOTIC IS DETERMINED BY: Bacteria causing infection in that particular patient, VERY IMPORTANT to SEND SAMPLES FROM INFECTION SITES of patient to Microbiology for gram stain and culture and sensitivity profiles Spectrum of Activity HOST FACTORS: Pharmacokinetics/Pharmacodynamics Presence of Resistance SARI REPORT APRIL 2001 RECOMMENDED STRATEGIES Recommended Infrastructure Surveillance of Antimicrobial Resistance