抗生素英文课件精品ANTIBIOTICS（21p）.pptVIP

Antibiotics Biology Presentation Antibiotics About Antibiotics About Antibiotic Resistance Something we should know when we take antibiotics About Antibiotics: What is antibiotics? Chemical Compounds Able to kill or inhibit the growth of bacteria (e.g. human) without causing significant damage to the host Naturally produced (e.g. penicillin) by mold or bacterium, or Synthetically made (e.g. fluoroquinolones) About Antibiotics:Discovery of antibiotics In 1929, first discovered by British Scientist Alexander Fleming. About Antibiotics:How do antibiotics work? Bacteriostatic antibiotics (e.g. Penicillin) Not actually kill the bacteria Stop the cells from growing and multiplying Allows time for the infected host to mount an immune response ? Eliminate the non-growing infectious agent (i.e. the bacteria) About Antibiotics:How do antibiotics work? Bacteriocidal antibiotics Actually kill the bacteria Preferred choice when the patient’s immune system is weakened or incapable of destroying the organisms itself About Antibiotics:How do antibiotics work? In both cases, bacteriostatic and bacteriocidal antibiotics disrupt the bacterial cells by attacking: the outer cell wall or inner membrane, or the chemical pathways necessary for the bacteria to live or reproduce. NO activities against most of the viruses. About Antibiotics:How do antibiotics work? E.g. Penicillin Prevents the cross-linking of small peptide chains in the main cell wall polymer of bacteria. Pre-existing cells are not affected. All newly produced cells grow abnormally Unable to maintain cell wall rigidity About Antibiotics:How are antibiotics used? In medical ways: ? to treat illness caused by bacteria ?to prevent bacterial infections in surgery In the supply of food: ?to increase the growth of certain food animals ?used as pesticides to control bacterial infections in food crops. About Antibiotics Resistance:What is antibiotic resistance? An antibiotic