病理生理5缺氧.pptVIP

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  • 2018-06-08 发布于贵州
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病理生理5缺氧

缺 氧 (hypoxia); 【Hypoxia】 当组织的氧供应不足,或组织利用氧障碍时,导致机体功能、 代谢和形态结构的异常变化,甚至危及生命的病理状态。 ; 【Hypoxemia】 指动脉血氧含量明显降低引起对组织供氧不足。 Oxygen content of the arterial blood is lower than normal that is called hypoxemia. ; 二、血氧检测指标 (Parameters of blood oxygen);氧分压(Partial pressure of oxygen, PO2);■Partial pressure of oxygen, ( PO2 ) 【Definiens】 PO2 is the pressure or tension caused by oxygen physically Dissolved in the blood. ;19ml/dl; ■Oxygen saturation, SO2 【Definiens】 The degree of connected 1g Hb to oxygen SO2% = CO2 – O2 dissolved physically in plasma/ CO2max ;P50;呼吸与氧利用;Hypotonic Hypoxia (Hypoxic Hypoxia);Classification of hypoxia; (二)血液性缺氧(Hemic hypoxia) 1. 特征(Feature) 由于Hb数量减少或性质改变,使血液携氧能力降低,以致血 氧含量减少;或者同时伴有氧离曲线左移,引起组织氧供应不足, 称为血液性缺氧。 Hemic Hypoxia is caused by a reduction in the amount of available hemoglobin(concentration or/and ). ; (三)循环性缺氧(Circulatory hypoxia) 1.特征(Feature) 由于组织血流量减少使组织氧供应减少所引起的缺氧,称为循环性 缺氧。循环性缺氧又称为低动力性缺氧。 The blood flow to the tissues is reduced that decrease of deliver oxygen to cells result in hypoxia. ; (四)组织性缺氧(Histogenous hypoxia) 1.特征(Feature) 由于组织、细胞利用氧障碍所引起的缺氧,称组织性缺氧。 The tissue cells cannot make use of oxygen supplied to them because of the action of a toxic agent. ;讨论与分析 Discuss and Analysis;Discuss and Analysis;Discuss and Analysis;Discuss and Analysis;Discuss and Analysis;Discuss and Analysis; (一)低张性缺氧动物实验 【基本体征】;Question; 1. Colour Change of skin and mucous membranes ;Discuss and Analysis;Discuss and Analysis; CNS(-)、心肌膜电位异常 心率↓ 颈动脉化学感受器强烈(+) 迷走神经 (+); 【昏迷、死亡发生机制】Mechanism of coma death 缺氧、脑细胞能量代谢障碍 ATP↓ 脑细胞水肿 膜电位↓ N介质合成↓、酸中毒、溶酶体酶释放 脑血管通透性↑ 脑间质水肿 颅内压↑ 昏迷、死亡 ;瓶内CO2很低 动物PaO2↓、PaCO2↓

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