Pattern recognition and multivariate methods for fMRI analysis功能磁共振成像分析的模式识别和多元的方法.pptVIP

Pattern recognition and multivariate methods for fMRIanalysis Carlton Chu @ Wellcome Trust Centre of Neuroimaging Encoding models vs Decoding models Learning to Predict The main achievement of science is predictive accuracy Theories (models) describe probabilistic relationships among empirically observed data. Good models predict unobserved data, from other data. Interpolative prediction Extrapolative prediction Science advances by replacing old models with those with greater predictive accuracy. Bayesian model selection indicates predictive accuracy. Training and Classifying Classifying Linear Discriminant Classifier Support Vector Classifier Multivariate Bayes Multivariate Bayes Model Comparison MVB Decoding Practical MVB Decoding Practical: Contents MVB Decoding Practical: Experimental Design MVB Decoding Practical: Preconditions for MVB MVB Decoding Practical: Button pressing MVB Decoding Practical: Spatial models MVB Decoding Practical: Results MVB Decoding Practical: Model comparison within area MVB Decoding Practical: Model comparison across areas * Design matrix X Intensity time series of a particular voxel Y Time Mass univariate approach = Parameter beta Error Voxel 2 (intensity) Covariance Voxel 1 (intensity) Major variance component Principle Components Minor variance component Principle Components Analysis (PCA) is the new rotated matrix Prediction model (decoding) = ACTIVITY Weight (w) Stimuli or design paradigm Learning the pattern Supervised Learning Algorithm (Optimize function of x and training error) Traget {y} Training data {x,y} Features {x} Predicted {y} Error function Training error The goal is to create a mapping y= f(x) between the input features and the targets (classes for classification, values for regression) Group 2 Group 1 ? ? ? ? Group 2 Group 1 ? ? ? ? y=f(aTx+b) Support Vector Support Vector Support Vector a is a weighted linear combination of the support vectors Validation Supervised Learning Algorithm Collected