专利引用革新 Patents Citations and Innovations A Window on the Knowledge Economy可编辑.doc

专利、引用、革新 Patents, Citations, and Innovations, A Window on the Knowledge Economy Patents Citations and Innovations This page intentionally left blank Patents Citations and Innovations A Window on the Knowledge Economy Adam B Jaffe and Manuel Trajtenberg The MIT Press Cambridge Massachusetts London England 2002 Massachusetts Institute of Technology All rights reserved No part of this book may be reproduced in any form by any electronic or mechanical means including photocopying recording and information storage and retrieval without permission in writing from the publisher This book was set in Palatino on 3B2 by Asco Typesetters Hong Kong and was printed and bound in the United States of America First printing 2002 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Jaffe Adam B Patents citations and innovations a window on the knowledge economy Adam B Jaffe Manuel Trajtenberg p cm Includes bibliographical references and index ISBN 0-262-10095-9 hc 1 Patents 2 Inventions 3 Technological innovations I Trajtenberg Manuel T211 J34 2002 608dc21 2001056257 To the memory of Zvi Griliches moreinu ve-rabeinuteacher mentor beacon of wisdom This page intentionally left blank Contents Foreword ix Paul Romer Acknowledgments xi The Data Disk xv 1 Introduction 1 Adam B Jaffe and Manuel Trajtenberg I Conceptual and Methodological Foundations 23 2 A Penny for Your Quotes Patent Citations and the Value of Innovations 25 Manuel Trajtenberg 3 University versus Corporate Patents A Window on the Basicness of Invention 51 Manuel Trajtenberg Rebecca Henderson and Adam B Jaffe 4 How High Are the Giants Shoulders An Empirical Assessment of Knowledge Spillovers and Creative Destruction i