明成化至隆庆末诗文辨体理论研讨.pdf

明成化至隆庆末诗文辨体理论研究 姓名：陈昌云 导师：王德明 专业：古代文学 年级：2003 级 研究方向：元明清文学 摘要 诗歌、散文是中国古代文学中的两大文体。在文体特征和创作方法上是否互通兼融， 一直是古代文论争论不休的话题，由此产生了大量的诗文辨体理论。明成化至隆庆末是这 一成果最为丰厚的时期，前期，茶陵派、前七子及其同道者的“诗文之辨”是在反理学、 反宋诗流弊的背景下产生的，主要强调诗文的声律、内容和功能、表达方式之别，以偏激 的态度竭力强调诗文之异，希冀排除散文对诗歌的戕害，更好地表达不断涌现的新人文精 神。后期，后七子、唐宋派的诗文辨体理论是前期的延续，受心学思想异化的影响，这时 的诗文辨体理论已露通达之象，理论体系日趋完善、科学。它们主要强调诗文在义法、审 美风格和表达方式上的相近之处，旨在提高散文的文学审美性。前后期诗文辨体理论的演 变呈现出由外而内、由具体而抽象的态势，关注的视角也由重诗转向重文。这一时期的诗 文辨体理论在恢复诗歌的音乐、抒情、含蓄特质上做出了很大贡献，净化了文学观念，促 进了中晚明文学散文的发展。由于出于门户之见和狭隘好胜之心，期间的诗文辨体理论难 免矫枉过正之弊，一定程度上助长了诗文创作实践中的模拟剿袭之风，晚明及清人提出了 一些更为科学的观点。 关键词: 明成化至隆庆末 诗文辨体 特点 原因 影响 I A Study on the Theory of Difference between the Poetry and the Prose from ChengHua to the end of LongQing in Ming Dynasty Graduate: Chang-yun Chen Tutor: De-ming Wang Grade: 2003 Field: China ancient literature Major: the literature inYuan ,Ming ,Qing Abstract The poetry and the prose were two big literary styles in the literature of ancient China. In the creation practice and theory, whether do these two kind of literary styles concurrently melt,which always was the continuous topic in the literature Theory of ancient China,and so, there has been the massive theory to distinguish the poetry and the prose. The richest time about the achievements of theories is from Cheng Hua to the end of Long Qing. In the earlier period, the difference between the prose and the poetry of Chaling groups,first seven groups produced under the background of counter- Neo-Confucianism,and the counter-prevalent abuse of Song poem, mainly emphasized in the intonation of prose, the content and the function, the difference of expression way . Them emphasized in the difference between the prose and the poet