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The Splitting of Water Chloroplasts split water into Hydrogen and oxygen, incorporating the electrons of hydrogen into sugar molecules 6 CO2 12 H2O Reactants: Products: C6H12O6 6 H2O 6 O2 Figure 10.4 High Quality H2O Photolysis – Splitting of water with light energy Hydrogen ions (H+) from water are used to power ATP formation with the electrons Hydrogen ions (charged particle) actually move from one side of the thylakoid membrane to the other Chemiosmosis – Coupling the movement of Hydrogen Ions to ATP production Animation – takes a min. to load…be patient Animation II – Does not take as long to load but it is not as good The light reactions and chemiosmosis: the organization of the thylakoid membrane LIGHT REACTOR NADP+ ADP ATP NADPH CALVIN CYCLE [CH2O] (sugar) STROMA (Low H+ concentration) Photosystem II LIGHT H2O CO2 Cytochrome complex O2 H2O O2 1 1?2 2 Photosystem I Light THYLAKOID SPACE (High H+ concentration) STROMA (Low H+ concentration) Thylakoid membrane ATP synthase Pq Pc Fd NADP+ reductase NADPH + H+ NADP+ + 2H+ To Calvin cycle ADP P ATP 3 H+ 2 H+ +2 H+ 2 H+ Figure 10.17 Vocabulary Review Light-Dependent Pigment Chlorophyll Electron Transport Chain ATP NADPH Photolysis Chemiosmosis Mill makes ATP ATP e– e– e– e– e– Photon Photosystem II Photosystem I e– e– NADPH Photon Figure 10.14? Light-Dependent Converts light into chemical energy (ATP NADPH are the chemical products). Oxygen is a by-product Pigment Molecules that absorb specific wavelengths of light Chlorophyll absorbs reds blues and reflects green Xanthophyll absorbs red, blues, greens reflects yellow Carotenoids reflect orange Chlorophyll Green pigment in plants Traps sun’s energy Sunlight energizes electron in chlorophyll Electron Transport Chain Series of Proteins embedded in a membrane that transports electrons to an electron carrier ATP Adenosine Triphosphate Stores energy in high energy bonds between phosphates NADPH Made from NADP+; electrons and hydrogen ions Made during light react