林业木材词汇收集整理.docVIP

林业木材词汇收集整理 林业木材词汇 一、基本术语 木材防腐：wood preservation 木材防腐剂：wood preservative 木材防腐处理：wood preservative treatment 木材保管：wood protection in storage 原木保管：log protection in storage 锯材保管：sawntimber protection in storage木材防火：wood fire prevention 木材败坏：wood deterioration 生物败坏：biodeterioration 物理和化学损害：physical and chemical degradation 真菌：fungus 细菌：bacterium 昆虫：insect 海生钻孔动物：marine borer 腐朽：decay/rot 变色：stain 蛀孔：bore hole 天然耐久性：natural durability 天然耐腐性：natural decay resistance 含水率：moisture content 自由水：free moisture /free water 结合水：bound moisture/bound water 纤维饱和点：fibre saturation point 平衡含水率：equilibrium moisture content 木材吸湿性：hydroscopicity of wood 木材吸水性：water-absorbing capacity of wood 木材透水性：water permeability of wood 细胞壁：cell wall 纹孔：pit 木材密度：density of wood 木材硬度：hardness of wood 木材强度：strength of wood 生材：green wood 湿材：wet timber 气干材：air-dried timber 裂纹：check 干裂：seasoning check 环裂：shake 轮裂：ringe shake 弧裂：cup shake 劈裂：split 生长轮：growth ring 年轮：annual ring 早材：early wood 晚材：late wood 边材：sap wood 心材：heart wood 熟材：ripe wood 针叶树材：coniferous wood/soft wood 阔叶树材：broadleaves wood/hard wood 健康材：sound wood 腐朽材：decayed wood/rotted wood 变色材：stained wood 素材：untreated wood 二、木材败坏 菌害：attack by fungi and bacteria 木材腐朽菌：wood destroying fungi 担子菌纲：basidiomycetes 子囊菌纲：ascomycetes 半知菌类：fungi-imperfecti/deuteromyetes 结合菌类：Zygomycetes 多孔菌目：polyprales/polyporaceae 变色菌：stain fungi 霉菌：mould 菌丝：hyphae 菌丝体：mycelium