鲁教版八年级上册英语精品教案 Unit 8 I’ve had this bike for three years. _SectionA_Grammar_focus-4c.docVIP

Unit8 SectionA (Grammar focus–4c) 精品教案 学习目标： ★ 知识目标 掌握现在完成时的用法 ★ 能力目标 正确区分现在完成时与一般过去时 正确运用for 和since的用法 ★ 情感目标 正确处理并充分利用自己的废旧物品。 ★学习过程 Step 1 Group work 出示下面的典型例句，让学生们先自己观察句子结构，对比现在完成时和一般过去时的不同。 1. — How long have you had that bike over there? 那边的那辆自行车你买了多长时间了？ — I’ve had it for three years. 我买了三年了。 2. How long has his son owned the train and railway set? 他的儿子拥有这套轨道火车多长时间了？ He’s owned it since his fourth birthday. 自他四岁生日起，他就拥有了它。 3. Have you ever played football? 你曾经踢过足球吗？ Yes, I did when I was little, but I haven’t played for a while now. 是的，当我很小时就踢过，但是现在我有好长一段时间没有踢了。 Step 2 精讲点拨 现在完成时 表示从过去已经开始持续到现在的动作或状态，可以和表示“从过去某一时刻延续到现在的一段时间状语”连用，如“for + 时间段”、“since + 过去时间点”、“since + 过去时的从句”、“since + 一段时间 + ago”。且for与since引导的时间状语可以相互转换。 e.g. My uncle has worked at this factory for ten years. = My uncle has worked at this factory since ten year ago. I’ve?lived?here?since?1990． 自从1990年以来我就住在这里。?? I?haven’t?seen?him?for?three?years. 我三年没有看见他了。? She’s?been?at?this?school?since?five?years?ago.?? 自从五年前以来她就在这个学校。 歌诀：含有for，since的现在完成时的用法歌诀: 过去的动作或状态，一直持续到现在，for、since把时间带 句中动词的特点 此种用法中表示持续性的动作或状态的动词必须是延续性动词（否定句除外） 这本书我买了5年了。 I have bought the book for five years. ( ) I’ve had the book for five years. ( ) 2. 你哥哥参军多长时间了？ How long has your brother joined the army? ( ) How long has your brother been in the army/been a soldier? ( ) 非延续性动词和延续性动词之间的转换 1. 转换为相应的延续性动词，用于现在完成时。 borrow — keep buy — have put on — wear catch a cold — have a cold get to know — know get to sleep — sleep 2. 转化为“be + 形容词/副词/介词/名词” begin / start — be on go out — be out close — be closed open — be open get to/arrive/reach — be (in) die — be dead leave — be away finish — be over fall sleep — be asleep join — be in/be a member of become — be make friends — be friends come/go — be + 相应的介词短语 Step 3 4a Rewrite the sentences using for or since Jim is in Japan. He arrived there three years ago. Jim has been in Japan for thr