Research Ethics Birkbeck, University of London的研究伦理伯克贝克，伦敦大学.pptVIP

Secrecy * Whistle-blowing Researchers are in a privileged position They may come across information about wrong-doing or danger to the public The reporting of this information may go against any confidentiality agreement The reporting of such information is likely to damage their career The Public Disclosure Act 1998 protects certain classes of workers from the consequences of whistle-blowing * Confidentiality Confidentiality of electronically stored participant information. Appropriate selection and use of tools for analysis of the primary data Who has access to the data Data protection act * Universalism There are no privileged sources of scientific knowledge Race, sex, politics ? Specialism ? Authority ? But certain classes and ethnic groups are under-represented in research. * Disinteredness Science is done for its own sake How impersonal is research in practice ? Research is competitive, not just in the search for funding but also for status. High achieving researchers tend to be highly ambitious? Personal feuds are rife in academia ? For example in disputes over priority ? * The same academic institutions that are responsible for oversight of scientific integrity and human subjects protection are entering financial relationships with the industries whose products which might directly impinge on these. * Knowledge for its own sake A belief that scientific knowledge is politically and ethically neutral is challenged by the misuse of scientific knowledge * Originality Science is the discovery of the unknown Plagiarism ? Publication of the same results in multiple journals ? Routine “stamp-collecting” surveys ? * Sceptical Is sceptical of given opinions Challenges accepted views * Research is social activity Research is not just a method and a system of organised knowledge It is a social activity carried out by groups of competing/co-operating/communicating scientists * Three dimensions of academic research community person knowle