RESEARCH METHODS Midlands Technical College的研究方法米德兰技术学院.pptVIP

RESEARCH METHODS SCIENTIFIC METHOD-OBJECTIVITY SEVEN-EIGHT BASIC STEPS TWO BASIC TYPES OF RESEARCH: QUANTIATIVE QUALITATIVE Quantitative Research PRIMARY USE OF STATISITICAL METHODS TO COLLECT, ANALYZE, AND INTERPRET DATA Basic Types: Experimental, Survey Method,Secondary Analysis/Historical Documents Experimental Method EXPERIMENTAL GROUP Receives the independent variable Manipulated by the experimenter CONTROL GROUP Does not receive the independent variable May receive some type of placebo Survey Method MOST COMMON TYPE SAMPLE LARGE POPULATIONS ALLOWS FOR MORE OBJECTIVE COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS LEAST EXPENSIVE TWO TYPES OF QUESTIONS USED: CLOSED-ENDED OR OPEN-ENDED Random Sampling EVERYONE HAS EQUAL CHANCE OF BEING SELECTED USED TO SELECT SAMPLE POPULATION Sample must be representative of the larger population Most common form of sampling utilized SECONDARY ANALYSIS DATA WHICH HAS ALREADY BEEN COLLECTED AND ANALYZED PERIODICALS U.S. CENSUS HISTORICAL DOCUMENTS CONTAINS DATA THAT HAS NOT BEEN FORMALLY ANALYZED RAW DATA POLICE REPORTS DIARIES, JOURNALS, LETTERS SUMMARY: QUANTATIVE APPROACH USED IN CONJUNCTION WITH THE MACRO LEVEL OF ANALYSIS USEDWITH THE CONFLICT AND STRUCTURAL FUNCTIONALIST PERSPECTIVES THESE TWO PERSPECTIVES ARE USED AS PARADIGMS COMMONLY USED IN CONJUNCTION WITH QUANTITATIVE MODES OF RESEARCH QUALITATIVE METHODS DESCRIPTIVE TYPE OF RESEARCH(THINK OF YOUR TEXTBOOKS) USED AT THE MICRO LEVEL ASSOCIATED WITH INTERACTIONISM SPECIFIC TYPES: OBSERVATIONAL OR FIELD STUDIES: (1)PARTICIPANT (2)NON-PARTICIPANT( AND DETACHED OR UNOBTRUSIVE) (3) CASE STUDY (4) ETHNOGRAPHY PARTICIPANT RESEARCHER IS AN ACTIVE PART OF RESEARCH STUDY ENGAGES IN ONGOING INTERACTIONS WITH GROUP BEING STUDIED POSITIVE NEGATIVE ASPECTS NON-PARTICIPANT/UNOBTRUSIVE RESEARCHER IS NOT AN ACTIVE PART OF THE RESEARCH LITTLE TO NO CONTACT WITH GROUP BEING STUDIED POSTIVIE/NEGATIVE ASPECTS NO INDEPTH UNDERSTANDING SUBJECTS MAY OR MAY NOT KNOW OF OBSERVATION CASE STUDY FOCUS ON