盆和会阴系统解剖学双语课件.ppt

Pelvic 山东大学医学院 解剖教研室 李振华 Bony pelvis Composition: formed by paired hip bones, sacrum, coccyx, and their articulations Two portions Greater pelvis Lesser pelvis Terminal line ( pelvic inlet): formed by promontory of sacrum, arcuate line, pectin of pubis, pubic tubercle, upper border of pubic symphysis Pelvic outlet: formed by tip of coccyx, sacrotuberous ligament, ischial tuberosity, ramus of ischium, inferior ramus of pubic symphysis Muscles of pelvic wall Piriform m. Obturator internus m. Muscles of floor of pelvis and pelivic diaphragm  Muscles of floor of pelvis Levator ani 肛提肌 Levateo prostate 前列腺提肌(pubovaginalis 耻骨阴道肌) Puborectalis 耻骨直肠肌 Pubococcygeus 耻尾肌and iliococcygeus 髂尾肌 Coccygeus 尾骨肌 Pelivic diaphragm 盆膈 Superior fascia of pelvic diaphragm 盆膈上筋膜 Levator ani 肛提肌 Coccygeus 尾骨肌 Inferior fascia of pelvic diaphragm盆膈下筋膜 Pelvic fascia Parietal pelvic fascia A continuation of the transverse fascia into the pelvis. It coves the piriformis and obturator internus Attaches to the arcuate line of the pubis and ilium, thickens over the obturator internus to form the arcus tendineus, the origin of portions of the levator ani muscle At the tendinous arch of levator ani it splits to cove both superior and inferior surfaces of the levator ani as superior and inferior fascia of pelvic diaphragm Visceral pelvic fascia Lies between the peritoneum and the pelvic viscera It is a continuation of the extraperitoneal connective tissue Ensheathes retroperitoneal viscera and forms septa between retroperitoneal organs Rectovesical septum 直肠膀胱隔 Rectovaginal septum 直肠阴道隔 Retropubic space 耻骨后隙 Lies between pubic symphysis and urinary bladder Pararectal space 直肠周间隙 Lies around the rectus Retrorectal space 直肠后隙 Common iliac artery 髂总动脉 Common iliac artery Continuation of abdominal aorta at level of L4 vertebra Terminates in front of sacroiliac joint by dividing into internal and external iliac arteries Internal iliac artery 髂内动脉 Pari