Chapter 1 Fluids Mechaics amp; Fluids Properties1章流体力学及流体性质.ppt

Pengenalan Kepada Pangkalan Data FLUID MECHANICS FOR CIVIL ENGINEERING TUTORIAL 1 – UNIT 1: Elements of Fluid MechanicsChapter 1: Fluid Mechanics and Fluid Properties SEQUENCE OF CHAPTER 1 Introduction Objectives 1.1 Definition of A Fluid Shear stress in moving fluid Differences between liquid and gases Newtonian and Non-Newtonian Fluid 1.2 Engineering Units 1.3 Fluid Properties Vapor Pressure Engineering significance of vapor pressure Surface Tension Capillarity Example 1.2 Example 1.3 Summary Introduction Fluid mechanics is a study of the behavior of fluids, either at rest (fluid statics) or in motion (fluid dynamics). The analysis is based on the fundamental laws of mechanics, which relate continuity of mass and energy with force and momentum. An understanding of the properties and behavior of fluids at rest and in motion is of great importance in engineering. Objectives Identify the units for the basic quantities of time, length, force and mass. Properly set up equations to ensure consistency of units. Define the basic fluid properties. Identify the relationships between specific weight, specific gravity and density, and solve problems using their relationships. 1.1 Definition of Fluid A fluid is a substance, which deforms continuously, or flows, when subjected to shearing force In fact if a shear stress is acting on a fluid it will flow and if a fluid is at rest there is no shear stress acting on it. Shear stress in moving fluid Differences between liquid and gases Newtonian and Non-Newtonian Fluid 1.2 Engineering Units Example 1.1 Given m = 80 kg and a=10 m/s2. Find the force Solution F = ma F = 80 kg x 10 m/s2 = 800 kg.m/s2 F= 800N 1.3 Fluid Properties Fluid Properties (Continue) Fluid Properties (Continue) Fluid Properties (Continue) Bulk Modulus All fluids are compressible under the application of an external force and when the force is removed they expand back to their original volume. The compressibility of a fluid is expres