Knowledge Representation Peoples Education Sociey Best 知识表示人民教育社会最好的.pptVIP

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Knowledge Representation Peoples Education Sociey Best 知识表示人民教育社会最好的.ppt

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Knowledge Representation Peoples Education Sociey Best 知识表示人民教育社会最好的

CHAPTER 12 Knowledge Representation Knowledge Representation Once acquired, knowledge must be organized for use Introduction A good knowledge representation naturally represents the problem domain An unintelligible knowledge representation is wrong Most artificial intelligence systems consist of: Knowledge Base Inference Mechanism (Engine) Knowledge Base Forms the systems intelligence source Inference mechanism uses to reason and draw conclusions Inference mechanism: Examines the knowledge base to answer questions, solve problems or make decisions within the domain Many knowledge representation schemes Can be programmed and stored in memory Are designed for use in reasoning Major knowledge representation schemas: Production rules Frames Representation in Logic andOther Schemas General form of any logical process Inputs (Premises) Premises used by the logical process to create the output, consisting of conclusions (inferences) Facts known true can be used to derive new facts that are true Symbolic logic: System of rules and procedures that permits the drawing of inferences from various premises Basic Forms of Computational Logic Propositional logic (or propositional calculus) Predicate logic (or predicate calculus) Propositional Logic A proposition is a statement that is either true or false Once known, it becomes a premise that can be used to derive new propositions or inferences Rules are used to determine the truth (T) or falsity (F) of the new proposition Symbols represent propositions, premises or conclusions Statement: A = The mail carrier comes Monday through Friday. Statement: B = Today is Sunday. Conclusion: C = The mail carrier will not come today. Propositional logic: limited in representing real-world knowledge Predicate Calculus Predicate logic breaks a statement down into component parts, an object, object characteristic or some object assertion Predicate calculus uses variables and functions of variables in a symbolic logic s