TB control in risk groups DOTSplus结核病制风险集团点加.pptVIP

TB control in risk groups DOTS-plus Lucica Ditiu, Antalya, April 2005 Risk of being exposed: no. of cases capable of transmitting M.tb, duration of infectiousness, no. and duration of encounters between a source and susceptible persons Risk of becoming infected: no. of droplets produced by an infectious case, the volume of air, the “inhaling period “ Risk of becoming sick after infected Risk groups Close contacts of persons known or suspected to have TB, infants and children esp. Persons infected with HIV Persons with medical factors known to increase the risk of progression from infection to disease: silicosis, gastroectomy, diabetes mellitus, chronic renal failure, jejunoileal by-pass, some hematological disorders (leukemia, lymphomas), other malignancies, treatment with high dose corticosteroid therapy and other immunosuppressive, weight 10% or more below ideal body. Alcoholics and iv drug users Residents of facilities such as: correctional institutions, prisons, mental institutions, nursing homes, long term facilities for elderly Foreign born persons from countries with high TB prevalence, recently enterred a country Health and other category of workers – in hospitals and other health care facilities, especially serving the high risk groups These groups are now high priority, may decline in risk over time!!! Responsibility of national public health officials to identify the risk groups using the national data Risk of being exposed: no. of cases capable of transmitting M.tb, duration of infectiousness, no. and duration of encounters between a source and susceptible persons Risk of becoming infected: no. of droplets produced by an infectious case, the volume of air, the “inhaling period “ IDENTIFY THE TB CASES AS QUICK AS POSSIBLE WHEN THEY PRESENT TO THE HEALTH CARE FACILITIES PLACE THE CASES ON EFFECTIVE TREATMENT, WITH THE REQUIRED FREQUENCY AND DURATION IMPROVE/INTRODUCE INFECTION CONTROL MEASURES IN SPECIAL SETTINGS – PRISONS, HOSPITALS, LABORATORIES