pythn 课件8.ppt

Python Programming, 1/e Python Programming, 1/e Objectives To understand the potential applications of simulation as a way to solve real-world problems. To understand pseudorandom numbers and their application in Monte Carlo simulations. To understand and be able to apply top-down and spiral design techniques in writing complex programs. Objectives To understand unit-testing and be able to apply this technique in the implementation and debugging of complex programming. Simulating Racquetball Simulation can solve real-world problems by modeling real-world processes to provide otherwise unobtainable information. Computer simulation is used to predict the weather, design aircraft, create special effects for movies, etc. A Simulation Problem Denny Dibblebit often plays racquetball with players who are slightly better than he is. Denny usually loses his matches! Shouldn’t players who are a little better win a little more often? Susan suggests that they write a simulation to see if slight differences in ability can cause such large differences in scores. Analysis and Specification Racquetball is played between two players using a racquet to hit a ball in a four-walled court. One player starts the game by putting the ball in motion – serving. Players try to alternate hitting the ball to keep it in play, referred to as a rally. The rally ends when one player fails to hit a legal shot. Analysis and Specification The player who misses the shot loses the rally. If the loser is the player who served, service passes to the other player. If the server wins the rally, a point is awarded. Players can only score points during their own service. The first player to reach 15 points wins the game. Analysis and Specification In our simulation, the ability level of the players will be represented by the probability that the player wins the rally when he or she serves. Example: Players with a 0.60 probability win a point on 60% of their serves. The program will prompt the user to enter th