作状语作宾语补足语现在分词多表示主语所具有的特征或属性.PPT

四、现在分词被动形式 肯定形式 否定形式 一般式 being done not being done 完成式 having been done not having been done △?在表示一个被动的动作时，如果这个动作是现刻正在进行的，或是与谓语表示的动作同时发生的，就可以用现在分词的被动形式。这种形式可以作定语、状语或构成复合宾语 That building being repaired is our library. （定语） He asked who was the man being operated on. （定语） You’ll find the topic being discussed everywhere. （宾语补足语） As we entered the village, we saw new houses being built. （宾语补足语） △??? 有时还有完成被动形式，如： Having been examined carefully, the patient was sent to the operation room. Being asked to give a performance, she couldn’t very well refuse.（状语） Being examined by the doctor, the patient felt a pain in the chest. （状语） 五、独立主格结构 在用分词短语作状语时, 它逻辑上的主语一般必须与句子的主语一致, 否则它必须有自己独立的逻辑上的主语, 这种结构称为独立主格结构。在句中通常作时间、原因、条件等状语, 例如： He rushed into the room, his face covered with sweat. (伴随情况) The shower being over, we continued to march. (时间) So many students being absent, we decided to put the meeting off. (原因) Weather permitting, we’ll have an outing tomorrow. (条件) All things considered, her paper is of greater value than yours. The job done, we went home. The composition written, he handed it to the teacher. 独立主格结构还有其他几种形式 1.主语+介词短语 The teacher came in ,books in his hand. 2.主语+形容词 The boy rushed in, nose red. 3.主语+副词 Light on ,the room is brighter. 4.主语+不定式 Nothing to do ,he went home. 注意 分 词 江苏省淮安中学 王希俊 一、构成形式 ? 主动形式 被动形式 一般式 doing being done 完成式 having done having been done △??? 过去分词只有一种形式(v+ed)。 △ 现在分词（否定式not +分词）： 二、 语法功 能 1．作表语 2．作定语 3．作状语 4．作宾语补足语 现在分词多表示主语所具有的特征或属性；过去分词多表示主语所处的状态。现在分词表示“令人…的”，过去分词表示“感到…”, 如： The news was exciting. He appeared satisfied with my answer. 表语 定语 ①?单独作定语，应放在被修饰的名词之前， 1.Barking dogs seldom bite. 2.Soon our respected and beloved leaders entered the banquet hall. ② 在更多情况下，可以用分词短语作定语，这时分词短语应放在被修饰的名词之后，在意义上也相当于一个定语从句，如： They built a highway leading into the mountains. They are problems left over by history. 注意 分词作定语时，意义上接近于一个定语从句，如： developing countries = countries that are developing a growing city = a city that is grow