Distributed Systems Proc Management Migration分布式系统进程管理的迁移.pptVIP

Distributed Systems:  Distributed Process Management –Process Migration Process Migration What The movement of an active process from one machine to another How Transfer of sufficient amount of the state of a process from one machine to another The process continues execution on the target machine Notes: Process migration assumes preemption, i.e., transferring a partially executed process A simpler function is a non-preemptive process transfer, i.e., transferring a process that has not begun execution Non-preemptive process transfers can be useful in load balancing, but do not react well to changes in load distribution Motivation Load sharing Move processes from heavily loaded to lightly loaded systems Load can be balanced to improve overall performance Benefits of balancing the load must offset the overhead for communication necessary to perform balancing Communications performance Processes that interact intensively can be moved to the same node to reduce communications cost Processes that require large amount of remote data can be moved to the location of data Availability Long-running process can move In the case of scheduled downtime When faults develop on the node they are running Utilizing special capabilities Process can take advantage of unique hardware or software capabilities on a remote node Process migration mechanisms Initiation of migration: who initiates migration When goal is load balancing Load monitor component of OS Decides when migration takes place Communicates with peer modules in other systems to determine the distribution of loads and agree on migration decision Preempts migration candidate and starts migration Migration is transparent to the migrating process When goal is to reach a particular resource Process itself initiates migration Process is aware of distributed system and location of resources Implementation of process migration What is migrated Process image Process control block Process address space Links between th