第九讲：肯定否定转译.docVIP

Conversion II Antonymic Translation 转译法二：肯定、否定的转译 Discussion for elicitation Don’t lose hope! You are still young. 译为：不要失望！你还年轻呢。 振作点儿，你还不老嘛。 Breakfast is free at this hotel. 译为：这家酒店早餐免费。 这家酒店早餐不收费。 I can’t remember his name. 译为：我记不得他的名字。 我忘了他的名字。 No word is meaningless. 译为：没有一个词是没有含义的 每个词都有它的含义。 Theoretical exploration： Every language has its peculiarities in negation. And there is indeed an important, often neglected, difference between English and Chinese in negation. The difference is perhaps resulted from the different mode of thinking, and aesthetic practice. A: Aren’t you going out for tomb-sweeping? B: No, I am not. Generally speaking, the negative or affirmative expression should be retained directly. But we have to consider the target language readers’ way of thinking, mode of expression or aesthetic practice in the translation. Such consideration may involve the transfer of emphasis, dimension, tone etc. The negative forms: Generally speaking, English negative words and expressions fall into the following categories: Full negatives: no, not, none, never, nothing, nobody, nowhere, neither…nor…, Semi negatives: hardly, scarcely, seldom, barely, few, little, Partial negatives: not every, not all, not both, not many, not always Double negation: Words with negative suffixes: de-, dis-, in-, im-, un-, -less Words with negative implication: fail, without, unless, lest, refrain, refuse, instead of, rather than, except… 汉语的否定：无，非， 不，没（有），未，否，别，休，莫，勿，毋等否定标记词，及其组成的词：决不，毫无，否则，没有，并非，未尝。等 And that government of the people, by the people, and for the people, shall not perish from the earth. 一定要让民有、民治、民享的政治制度永世长存。 Antonymic translation 会使译文更精炼、更富有寓意、表达更加生动、更符合各自语言人们的审美情趣和表达习惯。 翻译实例： 1. All the employees strongly disapproved of the company’s new policy. （否定前缀） 译文一：所有雇员都强烈地不认同公司的新政策。 译文二：所有雇员都强烈地反对公司的新政策。 启示：英文中含有否定词缀的单词绝大多数可以从正面着笔。如：diso