2006呼吸respiration21.ppt

Resistances to Ventilation Compliance (C) :means the expandability of elastic tissues when acted on by foreign forces. C=△V/ △ P (L/cmH2O) Lung elastic resistance  compliance surface tension surface tension Pulmonary Surfactant secreted by type II alveolar cells lipoprotein Surfactant Effects:debase the surface tension ①to reduce respiratory resistance (benefit to inspiration and prevent collapsed lung) ②to stabilize the size of the alveoli ③to prevent pulmonary edema The newborn shows respiratory-distress syndrome because the type II alveolar cells are immature. Airway resistance The factors affecting airway resistance: ① airway radius R=1/r4 ② airway length ③ Flow type * (一) Elastic Resistance Compliance CL=△V/ △ P = △V/ (Palv-Pip) =0.2L/cmH2O It depends on: ①elastic fibers ②surface tension air-water interface 1/3 2/3 air air Effects of surface tension Effects of surface tension Effects of surface tension P=2T/r r=0.01cm r=0.005cm P=2T/r =2/0.005 =8×10-2N/cm2 =8.0cmH2O P=2T/r =2/0.01 =4×10-2N/cm2 =4.0cmH2O (dipalmitoyl phosphatidyl choline) (surfactant-associated protein) DPPC P=2T/r r=0.01cm r=0.005cm P=2T/r =2×10/0.005 =4×10-2N/cm2 =4.0cmH2O P=2T/r =2×20/0.01 =4×10-2N/cm2 =4.0cmH2O (2) Thoracic compliance CT=△V/ △ PCW = △V/ (Pip-Pbs) =0.2L/cmH2O 2 Non-elastic resistance Airway resistance Inertial resistance Viscous resistance *