遗传学-5细菌与噬菌体的重组与连锁.pptVIP

* Fig 17.12 – The interrupted mating experiment of Wollman and Jacob. The transfer of the Hfr chromosome to the F- cell is linear, beginning at the origin on the F factor. Genes str-s (-strs) and str-r (strr) confer streptomycin sensitivity and resistance, respectively, to the host bacterium. * Fig 17.10 – Some of the sites of F-factor integration in the E. coli chromosome. The arrows indicate the direction of transfer, with the genes immediately behind the arrowheads being transferred first. A few gene loci are shown as reference points. * Fig 17.11 – The formation of an F’ factor. * Fig 17.2 The integration of a circular donor DNA molecule into a circular recipient chromosome requires a single crossover event. * Fig 17.1 In order for successful recombination to occur, an even number of exchanges, two in this case, is required between the circular main chromosome and the linear fragments. * Fig 17.15 – A single exchange between a linear donor DNA molecule and a circular recipient chromosome does not yield a structurally intact recombinant chromosome. * Fig 17.6 – Bacterial transformation. * Fig 17.18 – The establishment of lysogeny. * Fig 17.17 – The formation of generalized transducing viruses and the subsequent transduction of recipient bacteria. * Fig 17.20 The mechanism of specialized transduction by λ bacteriophage. (a) Normal excision of λ from the E. coli chromosome; (b) anomalous excision leading to the formation of a specialized transducing particle; (c) the formation of an unstable transductant; (d) the formation of a stable transductant. 细菌受温和噬菌体感染后进入溶源周期, 具有如下两个特征: *具有免疫性 *受紫外线诱导进入裂解周期 有些细菌带有某种噬菌体，但并不立 即导致溶菌，这种现象称为溶源性（lysogeny）， 而这样的细菌称为溶源性细菌或溶源菌（lysogenic bacteria） Lederberg等所用的原始大肠杆菌菌株对于λ温 和噬菌体来说是溶源菌，发现F+×F- (λ)可偶 尔产生溶源性重组子；而F+ (λ)×F-则几乎不 产生溶源性重组子 Hfr×F- (λ)很容易得到有Hfr基因的溶源性重组子 Hfr(λ) ×F- 时Hfr菌株的前端基因可在F-受体中出 现，但后端基因的重组子得不到？？？ λ原噬菌体进入一个无免疫能力的细 胞，原噬菌体随即开始复制，使细胞 裂解，释放出游离的噬菌体，这种现 象叫做合子诱导（zygotic induction） λ原噬菌体??时间进入F- 细菌 通过中断杂交试验可以证明，λ原噬菌 体在一特