书面表达试题设计.pptVIP

新课标英语课件PPT文档 友情分享 持续更新 欢迎收藏 * 新课标英语课件PPT文档 友情分享 持续更新 欢迎收藏 书面表达试题的设计 Shakle Xia 新课标英语课件PPT文档 友情分享 持续更新 欢迎收藏 提纲 写作的解读 TOEFL 2000写作评价的目标 写作试题设计的标准 写作试题设计的过程 写作试题的评分标准 新课标英语课件PPT文档 友情分享 持续更新 欢迎收藏 写作的解读 Writing is “an act that takes place within a context, that accomplishes a particular purpose, and that is appropriately shaped for its intended audience” (Hamp-Lyons Kroll, 1997) We write mainly to communicate with other humans” (Hayes, 1996, p. 5) Language has conventionally defined writing as one of four basic, integrated language skills. Writing has been viewed alternatively as the transmittal of knowledge, the creation of knowledge, and a channel for the human imagination. 新课标英语课件PPT文档 友情分享 持续更新 欢迎收藏 TOEFL 2000写作评价的目标 The TOEFL 2000 writing assessment should require students to produce and sustain in writing coherent, appropriate, and purposeful texts in response to assigned tasks. The TOEFL 2000 writing assessment should allow for a total writing time of between 60 to 75 minutes. The TOEFL 2000 writing assessment should elicit writing integral to academic environments and contexts. The TOEFL 2000 writing assessment should select tasks thought to maximally generalize and to be recognized as important across disciplines. 新课标英语课件PPT文档 友情分享 持续更新 欢迎收藏 TOEFL 2000写作评价的目标 The TOEFL 2000 writing assessment should contain writing tasks that vary with respect to their dependence on reading and listening materials. The TOEFL 2000 writing assessment should place emphasis on (i.e., evaluate and score) written texts but also facilitate a variety of writing processes. The TOEFL 2000 writing assessment should identify writing tasks that will discriminate most at middle to upper levels of EFL/ESL writing proficiency. 8. The TOEFL 2000 writing assessment should score writing tasks based on characteristics of written texts that examinees produce as well as scorers’ processes of reading those texts. 新课标英语课件PPT文档 友情分享 持续更新 欢迎收藏 写作试题设计的标准 We have to set writing tasks that ar