Mining and Mineral Resources - Welcome to Mrs Palmiters 采矿与矿产资源-欢迎来到夫人的书.pptVIP

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Mining and Mineral Resources - Welcome to Mrs Palmiters 采矿与矿产资源-欢迎来到夫人的书.ppt

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Mining and Mineral Resources - Welcome to Mrs Palmiters 采矿与矿产资源-欢迎来到夫人的书

Mining and Mineral Resources Minerals and Mineral Resources Objectives 1. Define the term mineral. 2. Explain the difference between a metal and a nonmetal, and give two examples of each. 3. Describe three processes by which ore minerals form. A lot of what you use comes from minerals Minerals are mined so can harm the environment Resources will not last indefinitely What is a mineral? A naturally occurring, usually inorganic solid that has a characteristic chemical composition, and orderly internal structure, and a characteristic set of physical properties Table 1. Average Composition of the Crust Element (Symbol) Weight percent Oxygen (O) 46. Silicon (Si) 27.7 Aluminum (Al) 8.1 Iron (Fe) 5.0 Calcium (Ca) 3.6 Sodium (Na) 2.8 Potassium (K) 2.6 Magnesium (Mg) 2.1 98.5 Atoms are arranged in regular repeating patterns Most are compounds but some exist as native compounds (gold, silver, copper, …) Ore Mineral Minerals that are valuable and economical to extract Mining process removed the valuable minerals and the gangue (no commercial value) from the host rock Common Elements and Their Ore Minerals Types of Minerals Metallic Conduct electricity, shiny, opaque Nonmetallic Good insulators, shiny or dull surfaces, and transparent or translucent Mineral Formation Depends on the environment determine type of mineral Metallic min. form below ground when magna cools and hardens Hydrothermal Solution. Hot water under ground brings flow through cracks in rocks, dissolving minerals they come in contact; minerals crystallize out and fill cracks. Deposits become veins Evaporites. Rivers and streams dissolve salts and carry them to seas and lakes. When the water evaporates the salt is left behind Uses of important Metallic and Nonmetallic Elements Mineral Exploration and Mining Objectives 1. Describe the manner in which mining companies explore for new mineral deposits. 2. Describe three methods of subsurface mining. 3. Describe two methods of surface mining. 4.