扁蓄杀虫活性及活性成分分析-insecticidal activity of polygonum aviculare and analysis of its active ingredients.docxVIP

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扁蓄杀虫活性及活性成分分析-insecticidal activity of polygonum aviculare and analysis of its active ingredients.docx

扁蓄杀虫活性及活性成分分析-insecticidal activity of polygonum aviculare and analysis of its active ingredients

捅斐扁蓄系蓼科植物,全国均产。近年来,有关扁蓄的药理和化学成分的研究已有所报道,但关 于扁蓄杀虫活性还无系统研究。本论文从植物化学及农药学的角度系统研究了扁蓄的杀虫活性, 并通过化学分离和生物活性跟踪检测的方法,初步筛选了活性成分,结合光谱鉴定手段对活性成 分进行了初步鉴定,最后对活性成分的提取1艺进行了优化选择。主要结果如下: 1杀虫植物筛选:以扁蓄、车前子等15种植物为研究对象,测试它们对小菜蛾的杀伤活性,发 现扁蓄对小菜蛾具有较强的活性作用,是一种新的杀虫植物。 2扁蓄对不同试虫的活性作用研究:分别采用点滴法和浸渍法研究扁蓄提取物对桃蚜、白菜蚜 虫、枸杞蚜虫和甜菜夜蛾、小菜蛾、粘虫的触杀活性。发现O.059/mL扁蓄提取物对枸杞蚜虫和 小菜蛾的杀虫活性最强,室内毒力测定得出LC50分别为0.0017079/mL和0.011809/mL。 3扁蓄对小菜蛾活性作用方式研究:以小菜蛾为试虫,分别采用相应的方法测试扁蓄提取物对 小菜蛾的触杀活性、胃毒活性、拒食活性及生长发育抑制活性。结果显示,扁蓄提取物对小菜蛾 具有较为明显的触杀活性,胃毒活性及生长发育抑制活性较弱,拒食活性不明显。说明扁蓄对小 菜蛾活性的主要作用方式为触杀。 4扁蓄不同部位的杀虫活性比较:对扁蓄不同部位的杀虫活性进行了比较,发现活性由高到低 依次为:叶全草根茎,其中叶活性最高,全草次之,72h校止死亡率分别为75.O%和 73.3%。而其全革量大,易得,综合考虑,选用其全草为原料。 S扁蓄全草化学成分预试:采用试管法和圆形滤纸层析法对扁蓄全草的化学成分进行预试,结 果表明,主要含有黄酮及其苷类,蒽醌及其苜类等酚性成分,甾体及萜类,挥发油、油脂类等脂 溶性成分。 6扁蓄杀虫活性成分筛选及分离鉴定:首先采刚液液分配萃取的方法将乙醇提取物按照极性大 小分为五个部分,测试每个部分的活性,结果显示石油醚萃取物活性最高;然后以石油醚萃取物 为活性部位,通过柱层析分离和活性跟踪检测,逐步分离得剑活性成分~,结合光谱分析和 GC,MS分析鉴定,初步推断活性物质属于脂肪酸乙酯类化合物。 7活性物质提取]:艺研究:以提取率和杀虫活性为指标,采用正交实验对乙醇为溶剂的提取T 艺进行了优化,最终优化的.I:艺条件为:lO倍量70%乙醇提取两次,提取时间为45min。关键词:扁蓄,杀虫活性,活性成分,小菜蛾AbstractPolygonum aviculare L.belongs to Polygonum L..It is widely distributed in the rei龋of china. Recent years,the researches on the toxic pathology and chemical constituents ofPolygonum aviculare Lhave been reported.The insecticidal activities,however,have not been studied.This thesis primarilystudied the insecticidal activities ofPolygonum aviculare L.and its active component.The main resultsale as follows.1 Selecting of plant:The extracts of 1 5 plant species were tested for nleir insecticidal activities against Plutella xylostella by means of direct contact and stomach poison.The result showed that Polygonum aviculare L.exhibited the highest activities.2 Acting effect of Polygonum aviculare L.on different kinds of insect:the contacting activities of ethanol extract ofP aviculare to Myzus persicae,Chinese cabbage aphid,Chinese wolfoerry aphid and Spodoptera exigua,Plutella xylostella,Metarhizium anisoplia were tested by spot dripping andinsect-soaking method.The results showed that Polygon

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