报纸如何应对新媒体时代的挑战——英国《卫报》及其网络版的比较分析-how does the newspaper deal with the challenges of the new media era - a comparative analysis of the guardian and its online edition.docxVIP

摘要互联网的出现给报纸产业带来了前所未有的挑战，只有适应新的生存环境报 业才能生存和发展。由于新环境中挑战与机会并存，所以问题就在于如何寻找和 利用机会来迎接挑战。本文所作的研究是运用视觉研究方法中的构成性诠释和符号学相结合的方 法对一份完整的英国《卫报》及其网络版进行比较。通过研究找出新媒体时代报 纸作了哪些改变和两个版本存在哪些差异之后，我将依靠所得的信息来探索报纸 如何才能在新媒体时代依然拥有一席之地。本论文共分五章。第一章为绪论，主要陈述报纸面临的挑战，研究范围及研 究的局限性和研究方法。第二章为背景文献，一共包括四个小节。第一节对报纸发展的历史作以简单 回顾，以明晰其发展过程中的重要阶段以及在发展中遇到过哪些挑战；第二节主 要介绍互联网技术给新闻业和传播环境带来的变化，以帮助了解报纸现今的生存 环境；第三节回顾专业学者关于新媒体时代报纸如何存活以及他们对于报纸未来 的推测；第四节简述网络报纸和传统报纸各自的优势和劣势。第三章对《卫报》及其网络版的历史和大体情况作以简要介绍。第四章为研 究部分，即对2007年8月8日的网络版和纸质版《卫报》进行的比较分析。最 后一章则重申研究中的主要发现和对于新媒体时代报纸生存策略的想法。关键词：新媒体；互联网；报纸；读者；挑战；How Newspapers Meet the ChaUenge of New Media：A comparatiVe analysis 0f the 0nHne and omine Guardian AbstractThe em鹕eI]lce of the hlt锄et器news media has伊eatly challenged the newsp印cr industry．And only by adaptiIlg will newspaperS sunriVe．As t11e new commuIlication enviro瑚nem iIl which me newSpapers are liVing brings challenges 雒、Ⅳell嬲 opponlHlities，then the problem 1ies in how to笋ausp mese opponlmities to meet the challenge．The researCh collducted in this dissertation compares one complete copy of the oIlliIlc Gua诚an with me omine Guardiall using a comp删iVe Visual approaCh．ARer detailed andlysis of what changes the newsp印ers haVe made iIl the di西talenvironment觚d me diff．erences bet、)l，een print newsp印ers锄d meir websites，I usethis data to suppon t11e discussion on what newSp印erS should do to maintain its sta_tlls嬲觚important news media in缸s new media world．The dissertation consists of fiVe chapters．The first chapter is№duction，wllich百Ves aIl acco眦of the chall胁ges for newsp印erS，limitations and scope of the research，and tlle research memod used．Chapter two presents tlle literatllre re啊ew aS background inf0硼ation．There are altogether f．0ur sectionS．The丘rst section bdeny reviews the llisto巧of the newSpaper， which helps to understand tlle iIllportallt stages in its deVelopment趾d the challengesit has faced since its eme玛eIlce．The second section reViews me aCad锄ic 1iteran鹏about the new jo啪alism brou曲t by new media tecllIlolo黟Tllis will help t