不同物候条件下虾塘水质状况与植物修复技术的分析-analysis of water quality and phytoremediation technology in shrimp ponds under different phenological conditions.docxVIP

池水体的适应性强，是较为适宜在对虾池塘中种植的蔬菜，绳结式浮植方式为其在虾池中种植的适宜方式，结合上海地区对虾生产，建议在虾池早期按0.05kg/m2种植水蕹菜，能吸收利用未被利用的50%的输入氮。利用绳结式在上海地区室外养殖虾池进行水蕹菜与对虾共生生产试验，研究水蕹菜在对虾养殖期间对池塘水质的改善效果以及对对虾产量的影响。试验结果显示，种植水蕹菜后池塘水体透明度、总氮（TN）、总磷（TP）、化学需氧量（CODMn）和叶绿素a稳定性都优于对照塘，对有害细菌的爆发有明显的抑制作用，种植塘每667m2收获水蕹菜鲜重(200.8±3.25)kg，水蕹菜对TN去除率为3.16%，TP去除率为1.79%。种植塘中凡纳滨对虾产量以及对水体氮磷去除率略高于对照塘。种植塘中凡纳滨对虾对TN去除率为38.65%，TP为25.42%,对照组中对虾对TN去除率为33.80%，TP去除率为22.17%。虾池种植水蕹菜不仅能有效改善水质，且收割之后不会造成二次污染且有一定的经济价值。对于物候变化下的水体环境的稳定起到积极的作用。本文探讨了物候与对虾养殖水质指标的相关性，深入研究各因子在虾池生态系统的作用，根据结果开展利用水生植物对养殖水环境进行净化修复研究。本文在开展多项试验，获得大量数据与实践经验的基础上，最终通过室外虾池的生产性试验，研究了水蕹菜对虾池水体的净化及稳定作用，并获得良好养殖效果。关键词：物候，相关性，蔬菜，浮植方式，水质净化，凡纳滨对虾，水蕹菜，营养去除ResearchofWaterQualityinShrimpPondsbydifferentkindofWeatherandTechniqueEcologicalPlantRehabilitationABSTRACTInrecentyears,shrimpfarmingindustrydevelopedrapidlyinChina,whichassociatedwithahighincreasingrangeofannualoutput.Atpresentshrimpfarmingstilladoptstraditionalhigh–densityoutdoorbreedingmethod,thewaterqualityfactorsofwhichcanbefluctuatedbythechangeofweather,andthiswillbringmanydisadvantageousandpotentialdamagetoshrimpfarming.Createagoodwaterenvironmenttoreducethestimulusofwaterqualityfactorstoshrimppondsunderdifferentphenology,bywhichthediseaseofshrimpwasundercontroltosomeextent.Firstofall,physicalandchemicalfactorsofoutdoorshrimppondwaterweremonitoredbyabreedingcycleinShanghai,themainWaterqualityindexunderdifferentweatherwasanalyzedandtheresultsindicatedthat,thewatertemperatureshowedextremelysignificantpositivecorrelationwiththeairtemperatureandsowatertemperaturecanstandfortheweathertosomeextent.Also,watertemperaturehadasignificantcorrelationwithTAN,NO3--NandNO2--Ninbreedingstage.Inthemiddleandlatebreedingperiod,pH,chlorophyll-a,activatedphosphateandtransparencyweresignificantcorrelatedwithwatertemperature,thechemicaloxygendemandwasincreasedwiththebreedingtime.Therewasacloserelationshipbetweentheclimateandwaterqualityfactorsandthephytoplanktonplayedanimportantrole.TheClimatecharacteristicsandwaterqualityfactorshadacloserelationship,whichthe