Stem cells：干细胞.pptVIP

Enzymes All chemical reactions convert reactants to products. Ex. 2 HCl + Mg ? MgCl2 + H2 Enzymes are a class of protein. The job of an enzyme is to catalyze a reaction (help it get started). Examples DNA polymerase – makes DNA Rennin – curdles milk protein Lipase – breaks down fats Protease – breaks down proteins Usually end with “-ase” How do enzymes work? Enzyme Shape The shape of each protein is determined by the sequence of amino acids used to make that protein. Just as for proteins, shape is extremely important. If proteins/enzymes don’t have the correct temperature, pH, or salt concentration, they will lose their shape or denature and not be able to function. Denaturing Competitive Inhibition In a process called competitive inhibition, molecules that fit the active site can prevent the enzyme from working. * * Enzymes lower the amount of energy needed to get the reaction going – activation energy. The material that an enzyme works on is called a substrate. Enzymes work like a lock and key – must have right enzyme for each substrate. How do enzymes work? The active site on the enzyme is what binds to the substrate. Why enzymes? Specificness and Reusing enzymes /jwanamaker/animations/Enzyme%20activity.html Tutorial activity *