高考英语常见分隔现象.docVIP

高考英语常见分隔现象 　　在英语中，为了保持句子平衡或为了使句子结构紧凑等，在不影响语义表达的情况下在两个相连的成分中间插入单词、短语或句子等内容。此种现象为分隔。分隔陷阱是高考命题者在单项填空题中的一个重要命题点，考生往往会在这方面出错，为了帮助考生绕过该陷阱，本文对该命题点进行了总结与归纳。 　　一、考查定语从句与先行词之间被其他成分分隔时关系词的选择。常见考查方式是在先行词与定语从句之间插入另一个充当定语或状语的短语或插入语或充当主语的定语从句因为主句谓语过短而置于句末。例如： 　　1. An ecosystem consists of the living and nonliving things in an area _______ interact with one another. 　　A. that B. where C. who D. what 　　2. After the flooding， people were suffering in that area， _______ urgently needed clean water， medicine and shelter to survive. 　　A. which B. who C. where D. what 　　3. She has a gift for creating an atmosphere for her students _______ allows them to communicate freely with each other. 　　A. which B. where C. what D. who 　　【解析】1. A。题干的意思是：生态系统是由一个区域里相互作用的生物和非生物构成的。分析句子结构，______ interact with one another是定语从句，修饰的先行词是the living and nonliving things，充当定语的介词短语in an area把先行词和定语从句隔开了。2.B。由分析可知，本句的先行词是people，为了保持平衡，把修饰它的非限制性定语从句置于句末，且people在非限制性定语从句中充当主语，所以用关系代词who引导。3.A。分析可知，an atmosphere与修饰它的定语从句被充当状语的介词短语for her students隔开，该从句缺少主语，所以用which。 　　二、考查后置修饰语的非谓语动词与被修饰的名词被其他成分分隔时非谓语动词的选择。常见考查方式是定语（从句）或插入语等把另一个充当定语的非谓语动词与被修饰的名词分隔，解题时把定语（从句）或插入语等去掉进行判断。例如： 　　1. On receiving a phone call from his wife _______ she had a fall， Mr. Gorden immediately rushed home from his office. 　　A. says B. said C. saying D. to say 　　2. Thai is the only way we can imagine _______ the overuse of water in students’ bathrooms. 　　A. reducing B. to reduce C. reduced D. reduce 　　【解析】1.C。充当phone call定语的介词短语from his wife把另一个充当定语的非谓语动词say she had a fall分隔开了，又因前后动词的动作在同一时间发生，表主动进行用现在分词的形式，故用saying。2.B。充当定语从句we can imagine把它的先行词the only way与其另外一个定语分隔开了，the only way后面的动词充当短语可以用to do或of doing表示，故用to reduce。 　　三、考查宾语与其补足语被其他成分分隔时非谓语动词的选择。常见考查方式是对宾语进行提问的特殊疑问句和充当定语从句的先行词在该从句中充当宾语。例如： 　　1. ―Who is the girl over there？ 　　―Isn’t that the secretary you want ______ the article？ 　　A. to have type B. her to type 　　C. to have typed D. her type 　　2. ―Whom did you _______ the wall？ 　　―Jack. There _______ masses of things