泛读教程册unit5 business.pptVIP

Review Definition / Restatement Clues Useful hints: to be defined as, to mean, to refer to, to be called, to be known as, or, namely, i.e., that is, … e.g. While hiking in the mountains, they came to a tarn or a mountain lake. Example Clues Useful hints: for example/instance, such as, like… e.g. Condiment, such as salt, pepper, sauce and mustard, is the very thing a cook turns to if he wants to make the dishes taste better. Common Knowledge e.g. A burning match applied to paper will make it ignite. Many cold-blooded animals are dormant during the winter. Are these words familiar to you? dignitary; steed; stallion obese; gregarious; introverted; turmoil autocratic; reckless; pandemonium; succinct; quash wrap up; decease 1. Class Relationship (Hyponymy) Examples Mr. Johnson’s paintings show his attention to geometric shapes of all kinds. The paintings contain circles, squares, triangles, pirrles, etc. The conference was attended by prime ministers, ministers, presidents and other important dignitaries. Animal is general when compared with tiger, horse, etc., but horse is more general than steed, stallion, etc. Useful hints: but, while, whereas, however, conversely, yet, otherwise, on the contrary, on the other hand, … Examples: There was no fllip seats available, so they had to buy expensive ones. Smith was rather thin while his wife was really obese. Unlike her gregarious sister, Jane is a shy, unsociable girl who does not like to go to parties. My son likes to take part in all kinds of social activities and make friends, while my daughter is introverted. In the past, the world seemed to run in an orderly way. Now, however, everything seems to be in a state of turmoil. 2. Contrast Relationships 3. Cause and Effect Relationships Useful hints: because, due to, so that, in order to, as aresult, if…then, result in, consequently, since, therefore, cause, reason, … Examples: Robben is considered an autocratic administrator because he makes de