Safe Handling, Packaging amp; Shipping of Infectious Substances安全处理，包装amp；感染性物质运输.pptVIP

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2018-07-08 发布于湖北
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Safe Handling, Packaging amp; Shipping of Infectious Substances安全处理，包装amp；感染性物质运输.ppt

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SafeHandling,Packaging

Safe Handling, Packaging Shipping of Infectious Substances Utah Department of Health November 21, 2002 Kim Christensen Objectives Information on possible organisms Why these organisms? Safety Samples Packaging Transport/Shipping Agents of Highest Concern Bacillus anthracis (Anthrax) Francisella tularensis (Tularemia) Yersinia pestis (Plague) Botulinum toxin (Botulism) Variola major (Smallpox) Viral Hemorrhagic Fevers Other Possible Agents Brucella spp. – Brucellosis Coxiella burnetti – Q-fever Arboviruses (West Nile) – encephalitis Mycotoxins Ricin Toxin – Castor beans SEB – Staphylococcus Enterotoxin B Why these organisms? Can cause disease via aerosol route Fairly stable in aerosolized form Susceptible civilian population High morbidity and mortality rates Difficult to diagnose and/or treat Some can be transmitted person-to-person Bacillus anthracisAnthrax Bacillus anthracis – Gram-positive, spore-forming bacillus (rod) Bacillus anthracisAnthrax Cutaneous Exposure- A skin lesion evolving during a period of 2-6 days from a papule, through a vesicular stage, to a depressed black eschar. Cutaneous Anthrax Intense itching Painless skin sore Incubation 1-5 days (up to 60) 20% fatality if untreated (may spread to blood) Direct contact with skin lesion may result in cutaneous infection Inhalation Anthrax Inhalation Anthrax- A brief prodrome resembling a viral respiratory illness with radiograph evidence of mediastinal widening Inhalation Anthrax Flu-like symptoms – Fever, fatigue, muscle aches, difficulty breathing, headache, chest pain non-productive cough 1-2 day improvement followed by respiratory failure, meningitis may develop No person-to-person spread Francisella tularensisTularemia Humans become infected by: Handling infected animal carcasses “Rabbit Fever” Bites of ticks, deer flies, or mosquitoes No person-to-person transmission Endemic in Utah TularemiaClinical Presentations Pneumonic- Incubation 3-5 days Flu-like symptoms M