生化中英文对照习题 修改版.doc.docVIP

Exercise collections for BiochemistrySection one: noun explanationPrimary structure of protein蛋白质的一级结构Secondary structure of protein蛋白质的二级结构Tertiary structure of protein蛋白质的三级结构Quaternary structure of protein蛋白质的四级结构Motifs基序Domains域名Molecular chaperones分子伴侣Cooperativity协同Protein denaturation蛋白质变性Primary structure of DNA DNA的一级结构Secondary structure of DNA DNA的二级结构Nucleosome核小体Ribozyme核酶DNA denaturation DNA变性Melting temperature熔融温度DNA renaturation DNA的复性Nucleic acid hybridization核酸杂交Enzyme酶Multienzyme system多酶片系统Multifunctional enzyme多功能酶Holoenzyme全酶Coenzyme辅酶Prosthetic group辅基Vitamine维生素Essential group of enzyme酶的重要组Active center of enzyme酶的活动中心Activation energy活化能Specificity of enzyme特异性的酶Induced-fit hypothesis诱导契合假说Initial velocity初始速度Michealis constant (Km) Michealis常数（公里）Optimum temperature and Optimum pH最适温度和最适pHInhibitor of enzyme酶抑制剂Irreversible inhibition不可逆性抑制Reversible inhibition可逆的抑制作用Competitive inhibition竞争性抑制Activator of enzyme激活酶Activity of enzyme酶活性Zymogen (Proenzyme) 酶原（酶原）Activation of zmogen激活的zmogenCompetitive inhibition竞争性抑制Allosteric regulation变构调节Covalent modification共价修饰Indution and repression of protein biosynthesis蛋白质合成的Indution和压制Isoenzymes同工酶Enzyme coupled assays酶耦合分析Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay酶联免疫吸附试验Glycolysis (narrow sense) 糖酵解（狭义）Glycolytic pathway糖酵解途径Substrate-level phosphorylation底物水平磷酸Aerobic oxidation of glucose葡萄糖的有氧氧化Pastuer effectGlyconeogenesis糖原生成作用Gluconeogenic pathwaySubstrate cycle基板周期Cori cycle (lactate cycle) 柯里周期（乳酸周期）Pentose phosphate pathway磷酸戊糖途径Favism蚕豆病Glycogenesis糖原生成Glycogenolysis糖原Activated glucose激活葡萄糖Cascade system级联系统Three-carbon pathway三碳途径Blood sugar血糖Essential fatty acids必需脂肪酸Fat mobilization脂肪动员Hormone-sensitive triglyceride lipase激素敏感型甘油三酯脂酶Lipolytic hormone脂解激素Anti-lipolytic hormone抗脂解激素β-Oxidation of fatty acid脂肪酸β-氧化Ketone bodies酮体Citrate-pyruvate cycle柠檬酸 - 丙酮酸循环Blood lipid血脂Lipoprotein脂蛋白LCAT and ACAT LCAT和基督徒LDL-receptor metabolic pathwayLDL受体代谢途径Reverse cholesterol transport胆固醇的逆向转运Biologica