盐溶液饱和粘土直剪试验研究.docVIP

盐溶液饱和粘土直剪试验研究 　　【摘要】在钻孔井壁失稳、核废料处置、库岸滑坡等特殊岩土工程中，孔隙水溶液组分和浓度对土体强度存在重大影响。本文利用直接剪切试验研究了不同浓度盐溶液饱和粘土的强度特性，得出了以下结论：盐溶液饱和粘土能使其固结状态发生改变，随着盐分浓度的增加，土体可以从超固结状态转变为正常固结状态，甚至转变欠固结状态，发生所谓的化学固结；盐溶液浓度的增加可以提高内摩擦角，降低粘聚力，两个强度指标的不同变化控制了土体在不同竖向压力、浓度范围下的强度的不同演变规律。 　　【关键词】饱和粘土；盐溶液；强度 　　The Research of Direct Shearing Tests on Clay Saturated by Salt Solution 　　YAN Rong-tao 　　（ College of Civil engineering and Architecture, Guilin University of Technology, Guiling Guangxi, 541004, China） 　　【Abstract】In some special Geotechnical engineerings, such as the wall stability problem of well, the disposal of nuclear waste, the landslide of reservoir and so on, the species and concentration of porewater have significantly effect on the strength of clay. In this paper, direct shearing tests were preformed to study the strength characteristics of clay samples saturated by salt solution with different concentration. The experimental result shows exposing to salt solution could change the consolidation state of clay sample. With the increasing of salt concentration, clay can be transform from the overconsolidation state into the normal consolidation state, even into the under consolidation state which is likely to induce the chemical consolidation. Increasing of the salt concentration of pore water could rise the frication angle, but depress the cohesion of clay. Therefor, the different variabilities of strength indexs are combined to decide the changing trend of strength of clay saturated by Salt Solution. 　　【Key words】Saturated Clay; Salt Solution; Strength 　　0引言 　　在一些特殊的岩土工程问题中，土体孔隙水溶液组分和浓度会发生一些改变，这种变化对土体的力学强度存在重大影响[1-3]。例如，在钻探过程中，护壁泥浆会改变原有孔隙水的组分以及浓度，导致井壁土体的力学强度发生改变，可能导致井壁的失稳坍塌；核废料处置库中核素等溶质迁移引起孔隙水组分、浓度的变化，改变缓冲材料的力学强度性质，导致原有评估的失效，甚至有可能发生核泄露；水库周期性的水位升降必然会引起孔隙水溶质的动态变化，从而改变了库岸土体的强度特性，为库岸滑坡提供了可能性条件。因此，探究水溶液组分和浓度变化对土体强度的影响规律和影响机理是一个急待解决的问题。 　　目前关于水溶液组分和浓度变化对力学特性的影响展开了一些研究，主要集中于对液塑限、压缩性等力学指标，针对于土体强度的研究还处于起步阶段。Warkentin Yong [1]利用直剪试验研究了钠离子、钙离子不同浓度溶液对膨润土、高岭土强度的影响规律，认为盐溶液饱和土体会降低土体强度，并且试图揭示其影响机理。Di Maio Fenell