oracle事务3461310386.pptVIP

What Are Locks? Locks are mechanisms that prevent destructive interaction between transactions accessing the same resource, either a user object (such as tables or rows) or a system object not visible to users (such as shared data structures and data dictionary rows). How the Oracle Database Locks Data Oracle locking is performed automatically and requires no user action. Implicit locking occurs for SQL statements as necessary, depending on the action requested. Implicit locking occurs for all SQL statements except SELECT. The users can also lock data manually, which is called explicit locking. Instructor Note See the Instructor Note on 52. DML Locking When performing data manipulation language (DML) operations, the Oracle server provides data concurrency through DML locking. DML locks occur at two levels: A share lock is automatically obtained at the table level during DML operations. With share lock mode, several transactions can acquire share locks on the same resource. An exclusive lock is acquired automatically for each row modified by a DML statement. Exclusive locks prevent the row from being changed by other transactions until the transaction is committed or rolled back. This lock ensures that no other user can modify the same row at the same time and overwrite changes not yet committed by another user. DDL locks occur when you modify a database object such as a table. Instructor Note A SELECT...FOR UPDATE statement also implements a lock. This is covered in the Oracle9i PL/SQL course. Summary In this lesson, you should have learned how to manipulate data in the Oracle database by using the INSERT, UPDATE, and DELETE statements. Control data changes by using the COMMIT, SAVEPOINT, and ROLLBACK statements. The Oracle server guarantees a consistent view of data at all times. Locking can be implicit or explicit. COMMIT; Commit complete. 改变数据 提交改变 DELETE FROM employees WHERE employee_id = 99999; 1 row deleted. INSERT INTO departm